necessarius

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [nɛ.kɛsˈsaː.ri.ʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ne.t͡ʃesˈsaː.ri.us]

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *néder.

Proto-Indo-European *méh₁

Proto-Indo-European *néh₁der.

Proto-Italic *nē

Archaic Latin nei

Old Latin ne

Latin ne-

Latin cessus

Latin necesse

Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.

Proto-Italic *-āzios

Latin -ārius

Latin necessārius

From necesse (“necessary”) + -ārius (“adjective-forming suffix”).

Adjective

necessārius (feminine necessāria, neuter necessārium, comparative necessarior, superlative necessarissimus, adverb necessāriē or necessāriō); first/second-declension adjective

1. unavoidable, inevitable
2. indispensable, requisite
3. necessary

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	necessārius	necessāria	necessārium		necessāriī	necessāriae	necessāria
genitive	necessāriī	necessāriae	necessāriī		necessāriōrum	necessāriārum	necessāriōrum
dative	necessāriō	necessāriae	necessāriō		necessāriīs
accusative	necessārium	necessāriam	necessārium		necessāriōs	necessāriās	necessāria
ablative	necessāriō	necessāriā	necessāriō		necessāriīs
vocative	necessārie	necessāria	necessārium		necessāriī	necessāriae	necessāria

Synonyms

• necesse

Antonyms

• superfluus
• supervacāneus
• supervacuus

Derived terms

• necessāria
• necessāriē

Related terms

• necessarium
• necessitās
• necessitūdō

Descendants

Descendants

• Asturian: necesariu
• Catalan: necessari
• Old French: necessaire
  • → Middle English: necessarye
    • English: necessary
  • French: nécessaire
    • Haitian Creole: nesesè
• Italian: necessario
• Portuguese: necessário
• Romanian: necesar
• Romansh: necessari
• Sicilian: nicissaru
• Spanish: necesario

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *néder.

Proto-Indo-European *méh₁

Proto-Indo-European *néh₁der.

Proto-Italic *nē

Archaic Latin nei

Old Latin ne

Latin ne-

Latin cessus

Latin necesse

Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.

Proto-Italic *-āzios

Latin -āriusnom.

Latin -ārius

Latin necessārius

From necesse (“necessary”) + -ārius.

Noun

necessārius m (genitive necessāriī or necessārī); second declension

1. friend, intimate friend, connection, associate

   Synonyms: amīcus, comes, sodālis

   • 63 BCE, Cicero, In Catilinam orationes 1.16:

     Vēnistī paulō ante in Senātum; quis tē ex hāc tantā frequentiā totque tuīs amīcīs ac necessāriīs salūtāvit?

     You came into the Senate a short while ago; out of this great gathering — and with so many of your friends and associates [present] — who greeted you?

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de bello Gallico 1.11:

     Eodem tempore quo Haedui Ambarri, necessarii et consanguinei Haeduorum, Caesarem certiorem faciunt sese depopulatis agris non facile ab oppidis vim hostium prohibere.

     At the same time the Ambarri, the friends and kinsmen of the Aedui, apprize Caesar, that it was not easy for them, now that their fields had been devastated, to ward off the violence of the enemy from their towns.

2. kinsman
3. patron

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	necessārius	necessāriī
genitive	necessāriī necessārī1	necessāriōrum
dative	necessāriō	necessāriīs
accusative	necessārium	necessāriōs
ablative	necessāriō	necessāriīs
vocative	necessārie	necessāriī

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

References

• “necessarius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “necessarius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "necessarius", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “necessarius”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • cogent, decisive reasons: magnae (graves) necessariae causae
    
  • a comfortably-furnished house: domus necessariis rebus instructa
    
  • the necessaries of life: res ad vitam necessariae
    
  • things indispensable to a life of comfort: res ad victum cultumque necessariae
    
  • (ambiguous) to die a natural death: necessaria (opp. voluntaria) morte mori
    
• necessarius in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Etymology 3

Adverb

necessārius (comparative)

1. comparative degree of necessāriē (“necessarily, inevitably”)

Adverb

necessārius (comparative)

1. comparative degree of necessāriō (“necessarily, inevitably”)