niukahtaa
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]niukahtaa
- (intransitive) to sprain
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of niukahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa, t-d gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | niukahdan | en niukahda | 1st sing. | olen niukahtanut | en ole niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | niukahdat | et niukahda | 2nd sing. | olet niukahtanut | et ole niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | niukahtaa | ei niukahda | 3rd sing. | on niukahtanut | ei ole niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | niukahdamme | emme niukahda | 1st plur. | olemme niukahtaneet | emme ole niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | niukahdatte | ette niukahda | 2nd plur. | olette niukahtaneet | ette ole niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | niukahtavat | eivät niukahda | 3rd plur. | ovat niukahtaneet | eivät ole niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | niukahdetaan | ei niukahdeta | passive | on niukahdettu | ei ole niukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | niukahdin | en niukahtanut | 1st sing. | olin niukahtanut | en ollut niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | niukahdit | et niukahtanut | 2nd sing. | olit niukahtanut | et ollut niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | niukahti | ei niukahtanut | 3rd sing. | oli niukahtanut | ei ollut niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | niukahdimme | emme niukahtaneet | 1st plur. | olimme niukahtaneet | emme olleet niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | niukahditte | ette niukahtaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte niukahtaneet | ette olleet niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | niukahtivat | eivät niukahtaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat niukahtaneet | eivät olleet niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | niukahdettiin | ei niukahdettu | passive | oli niukahdettu | ei ollut niukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | niukahtaisin | en niukahtaisi | 1st sing. | olisin niukahtanut | en olisi niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | niukahtaisit | et niukahtaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit niukahtanut | et olisi niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | niukahtaisi | ei niukahtaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi niukahtanut | ei olisi niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | niukahtaisimme | emme niukahtaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme niukahtaneet | emme olisi niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | niukahtaisitte | ette niukahtaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte niukahtaneet | ette olisi niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | niukahtaisivat | eivät niukahtaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat niukahtaneet | eivät olisi niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | niukahdettaisiin | ei niukahdettaisi | passive | olisi niukahdettu | ei olisi niukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | niukahda | älä niukahda | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | niukahtakoon | älköön niukahtako | 3rd sing. | olkoon niukahtanut | älköön olko niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | niukahtakaamme | älkäämme niukahtako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | niukahtakaa | älkää niukahtako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | niukahtakoot | älkööt niukahtako | 3rd plur. | olkoot niukahtaneet | älkööt olko niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | niukahdettakoon | älköön niukahdettako | passive | olkoon niukahdettu | älköön olko niukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | niukahtanen | en niukahtane | 1st sing. | lienen niukahtanut | en liene niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | niukahtanet | et niukahtane | 2nd sing. | lienet niukahtanut | et liene niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | niukahtanee | ei niukahtane | 3rd sing. | lienee niukahtanut | ei liene niukahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | niukahtanemme | emme niukahtane | 1st plur. | lienemme niukahtaneet | emme liene niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | niukahtanette | ette niukahtane | 2nd plur. | lienette niukahtaneet | ette liene niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | niukahtanevat | eivät niukahtane | 3rd plur. | lienevät niukahtaneet | eivät liene niukahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | niukahdettaneen | ei niukahdettane | passive | lienee niukahdettu | ei liene niukahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | niukahtaa | present | niukahtava | niukahdettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | niukahtanut | niukahdettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | niukahtaessa | niukahdettaessa | agent4 | niukahtama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | niukahtamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | niukahtaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | niukahtamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | niukahtamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | niukahtamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | niukahtamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | niukahtamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | niukahtaman | niukahdettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | niukahtaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- “niukahtaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03