paenultimus

Latin

Alternative forms

• pēnultimus

Etymology

Etymology tree

Latin paene

Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-

Proto-Italic *-tm̥mos

Proto-Italic *oltm̥mos

Latin ultimus

Latin paenultimus

From paene (“almost”) + ultimus (“last”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [pae̯ˈnʊɫ.tɪ.mʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [peˈnul.ti.mus]

Adjective

paenultimus (feminine paenultima, neuter paenultimum); first/second-declension adjective

1. penultimate

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	paenultimus	paenultima	paenultimum		paenultimī	paenultimae	paenultima
genitive	paenultimī	paenultimae	paenultimī		paenultimōrum	paenultimārum	paenultimōrum
dative	paenultimō	paenultimae	paenultimō		paenultimīs
accusative	paenultimum	paenultimam	paenultimum		paenultimōs	paenultimās	paenultima
ablative	paenultimō	paenultimā	paenultimō		paenultimīs
vocative	paenultime	paenultima	paenultimum		paenultimī	paenultimae	paenultima

Derived terms

• antepaenultimus
• paenultima

Related terms

• paene
• paenīnsula
• ulter
• ultimus

Descendants

• Catalan: penúltim
• English: penultimate
• French: pénultième
• → Italian: penultimo (learned)
• Portuguese: penúltimo
• Romanian: penultim
• Spanish: penúltimo

References

• “paenultimus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “paenultimus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.