pjauti
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Lithuanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *p(y)eh₂w- (“to strike, hit”) (traditionally reconstructed as *paw-); cognate with Latvian pļaut (“to mow, reap”), Latin paviō (“to beat, strike”), Ancient Greek πταίω (ptaíō, “to nudge, crash into”), Tocharian B pyakar (“they struck down”), Old English fȳran (“to castrate”).[1] See also perhaps Latin paveo (“I am struck with fear”).[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pjáuti (third-person present tense pjáuna, third-person past tense pjóvė)
- to reap; to cut
- (intransitive) to reap
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of pjauti
| singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) |
present (esamasis laikas) |
pjáunu | pjáuni | pjáuna | pjáuname, pjáunam |
pjáunate, pjáunat |
pjáuna | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) |
pjóviau | pjóvei | pjóvė | pjóvėme, pjóvėm |
pjóvėte, pjóvėt |
pjóvė | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) |
pjáudavau | pjáudavai | pjáudavo | pjáudavome, pjáudavom |
pjáudavote, pjáudavot |
pjáudavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) |
pjáusiu | pjáusi | pjáus | pjáusime, pjáusim |
pjáusite, pjáusit |
pjáus | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) |
pjáučiau | pjáutum | pjáutų | pjáutumėme, pjáutumėm, pjáutume |
pjáutumėte, pjáutumėt |
pjáutų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) |
— | pjáuk, pjáuki |
tepjáuna | pjáukime, pjáukim |
pjáukite, pjáukit |
tepjáuna | ||
Participles of pjauti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | pjáunąs, pjáunantis | pjáunamas | |
| past | pjóvęs | pjáutas | |
| past frequentative | pjáudavęs | — | |
| future | pjáusiąs, pjáusiantis | pjáusimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | pjáutinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | pjáudamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) |
present | pjáunant | |
| past | pjóvus | ||
| past frequentative | pjáudavus | ||
| future | pjáusiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | pjáute, pjáutinai | ||
Derived terms
[edit]Prefixed nominal derivatives
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “pjauti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 360
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “827”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 827