pnyl

Middle Persian

Etymology

Ultimately from the Proto-Iranian verbal base *nai- : *ni- (“to churn butter”) with the preverb *pati-. For this root see Cheung, who reconstructs *naiH-.

Compare Baluchi پنیر (panēr), Sarikoli [script needed] (paner), Central Kurdish پەنێر (penêr), Southern Kurdish پەنێر (penêr), Northern Kurdish penîr, Pashto پنير (panír) and the (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Armenian loanword պանիր (panir).

Noun

pnyl • (panīr)

1. (Book Pahlavi) cheese

Descendants

• Persian: پنیر (panir)
• Mazanderani: پنیر (pannir)
• Tajik: панир (panir)
• Kurdish: penêr
• Zazaki: penîr
• Yagnobi: панир (panir)
  • • → Wakhi: pənir
  • → Azerbaijani: pendir, peynir
  • → Bengali: পনির (ponir)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: पनीर (panīr)

    Urdu: پنیر (panīr)

    • → English: paneer
  • → Ottoman Turkish: پنیر (penîr), پینیر (peynîr)
    • Turkish: peynir, (dialectal) pendir
    • → Zazaki: pendîr, peynir
  • → Punjabi: ਪਨੀਰ (panīr)
  • → Romani: pendir, pendír
  • → Turkmen: peýnir

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “panīr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
• Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, § 183, page 289
• Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 221
• Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 184b
• Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 279