skjǫldr
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Old Norse[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”). Cognate with Old English sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld, Old Frisian skeld, Old Saxon skild, Old High German skild, skilt, Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌿𐍃 (skildus). The different case and number forms show various sound changes: breaking (e > ja), u-umlaut (ja > jǫ), and i-umlaut (e > i).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (9th century West Norse) IPA(key): /skeɒ̯ldɹ̝/, [s̠cøɵ̯lˠd̥ɹ̻̊˔]
- (12th century Icelandic) IPA(key): /ˈskjɒldr̩/
Noun[edit]
skjǫldr m (genitive skjaldar, dative skildi, plural skildir)
Declension[edit]
Declension of skjǫldr (strong u-stem)
| masculine | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | skjǫldr | skjǫldrinn | skildir | skildirnir |
| accusative | skjǫld | skjǫldinn | skjǫldu | skjǫlduna |
| dative | skildi | skildinum | skjǫldum | skjǫldunum |
| genitive | skjaldar | skjaldarins | skjalda | skjaldanna |
Derived terms[edit]
- skjaldarband (“shield-strap”)
- skjaldarbukl (“shield-boss”)
- skjaldarfetill (“shield-strap”)
- skjaldarrǫnd (“shield-rim”)
- skjaldarsporðr (“lower part of a shield”)
- skjaldaskirfl (“old worn-out shields”)
- skjaldborg (“wall of shields”)
- skjaldfimr (“dexterous with a shield”)
- skjaldhvalr (“a kind of whale”)
- skjaldjǫtunn (“war-engine”)
- skjaldmær (“amazon”)
- skjaldrim (“shield-rim”)
- skjaldsveinn (“shield-bearer”)
- skjaldþili (“wainscotting”)
Related terms[edit]
- skjalda (“to cover with a shield”)
- skjǫldungr (“sheldrake”)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- skjǫldr in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, R. Cleasby and G. Vigfússon, Clarendon Press, 1874, at Internet Archive.
- skjǫldr in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.