Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skelduz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From pre-Germanic *skelH-tús, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split”).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈskel.duz/

Noun[edit]

*skelduz m

shield

Inflection[edit]

u-stemDeclension of *skelduz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skelduz	*skildiwiz
vocative	*skeldu	*skildiwiz
accusative	*skeldų	*skeldunz
genitive	*skeldauz	*skildiwǫ̂
dative	*skildiwi	*skeldumaz
instrumental	*skeldū	*skeldumiz

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

*skiljaną

Descendants[edit]

Proto-West Germanic: *skeldu
- Old English: sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld
  - Middle English: scheld, sheld, shild, shelde
    - Scots: scheld, scheild
    - English: shield
- Old Frisian: skeld, skild, schild
  - North Frisian: skilt
  - Saterland Frisian: Skild, Schild
  - West Frisian: skyld
- Old Saxon: skild
  - Middle Low German: schilt
    - German Low German: Schild
    - Plautdietsch: Schilt
- Old Dutch: skilt
  - Middle Dutch: schilt
    - Dutch: schild
      - Afrikaans: skild
    - Limburgish: sjèldj, sjildj
- Old High German: skild, skilt
  - Middle High German: schilt
    - German: Schild
      - → Esperanto: ŝildo
        → Ido: shildo
    - Luxembourgish: Schëld
    - Yiddish: שילד‎ (shild)
Old Norse: skjǫldr
- Icelandic: skjöldur
- Faroese: skjøldur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: skjold m or n; (dialectal) skjøld m or n
- Elfdalian: stjöld
- Old Swedish: skiolder, skiølder
  - Swedish: sköld
- Old Danish: skiold
  - Danish: skjold
    - Norwegian Bokmål: skjold n
- Gutnish: skiåld
- → Latin: Skioldus, Skyoldus (Saxo Grammaticus)
Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌿𐍃 (skildus)