tráigid
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Old Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The surviving present stem is a denominative formation from tráig (“ebb, beach”). However, Weiss derives the preterite and future stems from a related B II verb Proto-Celtic *tragyeti, whence also Middle Welsh treio.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]tráigid
Inflection
[edit]The verb was originally a strong verb, but by early Irish the present stem was being replaced by a weak formation already.
Simple, class A II present, reduplicated preterite, s future, a subjunctive
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Abs. | tráigit | |||||||
Conj. | |||||||||
Rel. | tráigis | ||||||||
Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
Preterite | Abs. | tethraig | tethragtar | ||||||
Conj. | ·tethraig | ||||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Perfect | Deut. | ro·tethraig | |||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Future | Abs. | tethrais | |||||||
Conj. | |||||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Conditional | |||||||||
Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
Conj. | |||||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Past subjunctive | ·tragad | ||||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Verbal noun | |||||||||
Past participle | |||||||||
Verbal of necessity |
Descendants
[edit]Mutation
[edit]Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
tráigid | thráigid | tráigid pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
[edit]- ^ Weiss, Michael (2018) “Limited Latin Grassmann's Law: Do We Need It?”, in Dieter Gunkel, Stephanie W. Jamison, Angelo O. Mercado and Kazuhiko Yoshida, editors, Vina Diem Celebrent: Studies in Linguistics and Philology in Honor of Brent Vine, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, pages 438-447
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tráigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Categories:
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish verbs
- Old Irish simple verbs
- Old Irish class A II present verbs
- Old Irish reduplicated preterite verbs
- Old Irish s future verbs
- Old Irish a subjunctive verbs