yikʼíididis

Navajo

Etymology

b- (3rd person indirect object prefix) + -kʼí- (“onto”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -di- (thematic) + -∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -dis (imperfective stem of root -DIZ, “to twist”).

Verb

yikʼíididis

1. he/she is wrapping it (direct object) around it (indirect object) in a spiral fashion
2. he/she is bandaging it (indirect object) with it (direct object)

Conjugation

Paradigm: Reversative (∅/si).

IMPERFECTIVE	singular	duoplural	plural
1st person	bikʼídísdis	bikʼídiidis	bikʼídadiidis
2nd person	bikʼídídis	bikʼídóhdis	bikʼídadohdis
3rd person	yikʼíididis		yikʼídeididis
4th person	bikʼízhdídis		bikʼídazhdidis

PERFECTIVE	singular	duoplural	plural
1st person	bikʼídédiz	bikʼídeediz	bikʼídadeediz
2nd person	bikʼídínídiz	bikʼídisoodiz	bikʼídadisoodiz
3rd person	yikʼíideezdiz		yikʼídeideezdiz
4th person	bikʼízhdeezdiz		bikʼídazhdeezdiz

FUTURE	singular	duoplural	plural
1st person	bikʼídideesdis	bikʼídidiidis	bikʼídadidiidis
2nd person	bikʼídidíídis	bikʼídidoohdis	bikʼídadidoohdis
3rd person	yikʼíididoodis		yikʼídeididoodis
4th person	bikʼízhdidoodis		bikʼídazhdidoodis

Note: Young and Morgan (1987, 1992) categorize this verb as a reversative aspect, but it lacks the marker prefix ná- that characterizes this aspect.

Verbal stems

• IMPERFECTIVE: -dis
• PERFECTIVE: -diz
• FUTURE: -dis
• ITERATIVE: -dis
• OPTATIVE: -dis