zrak

See also: z rąk

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech zrak, from Proto-Slavic *zorkъ. Cognates include Polish wzrok.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈzrak]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

zrak m inan

1. vision, sight

   Synonym: vidění

Declension

Declension of zrak (velar masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	zrak	zraky
genitive	zraku	zraků
dative	zraku	zrakům
accusative	zrak	zraky
vocative	zraku	zraky
locative	zraku	zracích
instrumental	zrakem	zraky

Related terms

adjectives

• dalekozraký
• krátkozraký
• zřejmý
• zřetelný

interjections

• ježkovy zraky

nouns

• Prozřetelnost
• zázrak
• zřetel

verbs

• prozřít
• zřít

Further reading

• “zrak”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “zrak”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “zrak”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

Lower Tanana

Etymology 1

From Proto-Athabaskan *zhʳeˑg.

Root

zrak

1. to carve

Derived terms

• be'aɬ xwdelzrayi (“carpenter's plane”)
• ch'eɬzrayh (“he/she is whitting/carving”)
• delozragi (“wood shavings dish scraper”)
• ghelzrayi (“wood shavings”)
• nolzragi (“snowshoe netting”)
• srayi (“knife”)
• srayi dheth (“knife sheath, centipede”)
• srayi t'wdza (“spatula”)

Stem set

Aspect	Imperfective	Perfective	Future	Optative
Momentaneous	zrayh	zrak	zreyh	zrayh
Durative	zrayh	zrak	zrayh	zrayh

Etymology 2

From Proto-Athabaskan *zhʳeˑqʼ. See also *šʷeˑqʼ (“spittle”)

Root

zrak

1. to spit

Stem set

Aspect	Imperfective	Perfective	Future	Optative
Momentaneous	zrax	zrak	zrex	zrax
Semelfactive	zrek	zrek	zrek	zrek
Continuative	zrax	zrak	zrax	zrax

Etymology 3

From Proto-Athabaskan *zhʳeˑɢ.

Root

zrak

1. (rare) to hunt in drive

Stem set

Aspect	Imperfective	Perfective	Future	Optative
Continuative	zrax	zrak	zrax	zrax

References

• Kari, James et al. (2024), Kari, James, editor, Lower Tanana Dene Dictionary, Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center, →ISBN, pages 501-503

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zorkъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈzrak/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈzrak/

Noun

zrak m inan

1. vision, sight
2. (in the dual) eyes

   Synonym: oči

   • 15th century, Alexandreida, zlomek svatovítský:

     Kto má tako světlá zraky,
     by mohl ty cěsty poznati,
     ande sě každá potrati.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of zrak (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	zrak	zraky	zraci, zrakové
genitive	zraka, zraku	zrakú	zrakóv
dative	zraku	zrakoma	zrakóm
accusative	zrak	zraky	zraky
vocative	zrače	zraky	zraci, zrakové
locative	zracě, zraku	zrakú	zraciech
instrumental	zrakem	zrakoma	zraky

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.

Related terms

• zazračiti
• zračiti
• zázrak
• zřieti

Descendants

• Czech: zrak

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “zrak”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zorkъ. Cognates include Polish wzrok.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zrâːk/

Noun

zrȃk m inan (Cyrillic spelling зра̑к)

1. (uncountable) air

   Synonym: (Bosnia, Montenegro, Serbia) vàzdūh

2. (countable, Montenegro, Serbia) a ray, beam

   Alternative form: (Bosnia, Croatia) zrȁka

   Vrh hridi crne trne zadnji rumeni zrak. ― Atop the black cliff the last crimson ray disappears.

Declension

Declension of zrak

	singular	plural
nominative	zrȃk	zrȃci
genitive	zrȃka	zrákā
dative	zrȃku	zrácima
accusative	zrȃk	zrȃke
vocative	zrȃče	zrȃci
locative	zráku	zrácima
instrumental	zrȃkom	zrácima

Derived terms

• zrakoplov
• zrakomlat

Further reading

• “zrak”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zorkъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zrak/, [ˈzrak]
• Rhymes: -ak

Noun

zrak m inan (relational adjective zrakový)

1. vision, sight (one of the seven senses)

Declension

Declension of zrak
(pattern dub)

	singular	plural
nominative	zrak	zraky
genitive	zraku	zrakov
dative	zraku	zrakom
accusative	zrak	zraky
locative	zraku	zrakoch
instrumental	zrakom	zrakmi

Derived terms

• zrakovo

Further reading

• “zrak”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *zorkъ. First attested in the 16th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zrák/

Noun

zrȁk m inan

1. air

Declension

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	zràk
gen. sing.	zráka
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	zràk	zráka	zráki
genitive (rodȋlnik)	zráka	zrákov	zrákov
dative (dajȃlnik)	zráku	zrákoma	zrákom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	zràk	zráka	zráke
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	zráku	zrákih	zrákih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	zrákom	zrákoma	zráki

Further reading

• “zrak”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “zrak”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references