αἴξ

See also: αιξ

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek words related to “goats” (αἶγες):
αἱ αἶγες μηκῶνται – “The goats bleat.”
ὁ τράγος – “the he-goat”
ὁ ἔριφος – “the kid, young goat”

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *aíks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“goat”). Cognates include Old Armenian այծ (ayc), Sanskrit एड (eḍa), and Albanian dhi.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ǎi̯ks/ → /ɛks/ → /eks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ǎi̯ks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɛks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɛks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eks/

Noun

αἴξ • (aíx) m or f (genitive αἰγός); third declension

1. goat (especially a she-goat)

   Τὴν αἶγα ὁ τράγος ἀγαπᾷ.

   Tḕn aîga ho trágos agapâi.

   The billy goat loves the she-goat.

2. a kind of waterfowl, possibly a goose
3. In the plural: waves, surf
4. (proper noun) the star Capella

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ, ἡ αἴξ; τοῦ, τῆς αἰγός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ αἴξ ho, hē aíx	τὼ αἶγε tṑ aîge	οἱ, αἱ αἶγες hoi, hai aîges
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς αἰγός toû, tês aigós	τοῖν αἰγοῖν toîn aigoîn	τῶν αἰγῶν tôn aigôn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ αἰγῐ́ tôi, têi aigí	τοῖν αἰγοῖν toîn aigoîn	τοῖς, ταῖς αἰξῐ́ / αἰξῐ́ν toîs, taîs així(n)
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν αἶγᾰ tòn, tḕn aîga	τὼ αἶγε tṑ aîge	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς αἶγᾰς toùs, tā̀s aîgas
Vocative	αἴξ aíx	αἶγε aîge	αἶγες aîges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• αἴγινος (aíginos)
• Αἰγίπαν (Aigípan)
• αἰγίς (aigís)
• αἰγοθήλας (aigothḗlas)
• αἰγόλεθρος (aigólethros)
• αἰγοπρόσωπος (aigoprósōpos)

 

Descendants

• Greek: αίγα (aíga), γίδι (gídi) (from diminutive)
• → Greek: αιξ f (aix) (Katharevousa)
• → Translingual: Aix

Further reading

• “αἴξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “αἴξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “αἴξ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• αἴξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• αἴξ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• αἴξ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “αἴξ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• αἴξ in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften