φιμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unexplained. According to Beekes, the similarity of the suffix with κημός (kēmós, “muzzle”) is notable, while the relation with φιτρός (phitrós, “block of wood”) seems improbable.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰiː.mós/ → /ɸiˈmos/ → /fiˈmos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰiː.mós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰiˈmos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸiˈmos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /fiˈmos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /fiˈmos/

Noun

φῑμός • (phīmós) m (genitive φῑμοῦ); second declension

1. muzzle for dogs, calves

   Synonyms: κημός (kēmós), πνιγεύς (pnigeús)

2. gag
3. noseband
4. cup used as a dicebox
5. tightening, constriction by means of ropes

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ φῑμός; τοῦ φῑμοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ φῑμός ho phīmós	τὼ φῑμώ tṑ phīmṓ	οἱ φῑμοί hoi phīmoí
Genitive	τοῦ φῑμοῦ toû phīmoû	τοῖν φῑμοῖν toîn phīmoîn	τῶν φῑμῶν tôn phīmôn
Dative	τῷ φῑμῷ tôi phīmôi	τοῖν φῑμοῖν toîn phīmoîn	τοῖς φῑμοῖς toîs phīmoîs
Accusative	τὸν φῑμόν tòn phīmón	τὼ φῑμώ tṑ phīmṓ	τοὺς φῑμούς toùs phīmoús
Vocative	φῑμέ phīmé	φῑμώ phīmṓ	φῑμοί phīmoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• εὔφῑμος (eúphīmos)
• φῑμάριον (phīmárion)
• φῑμοκάτοχον (phīmokátokhon)
• φῑμόω (phīmóō)
• φῑμώδης (phīmṓdēs)
• φῑ́μωσις (phī́mōsis)
• φῑμωτικός (phīmōtikós)
• φῑ́μωτρον (phī́mōtron)

 

Descendants

• → Latin: phīmus

Further reading

• “φιμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φιμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• φιμός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φιμός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1574