ἰσχίον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

No etymology. Furnée connects the word with ἰξύς (ixús, “loins”) assuming a common Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /is.kʰí.on/ → /isˈçi.on/ → /isˈçi.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /is.kʰí.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /isˈkʰi.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /isˈçi.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /isˈçi.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /isˈçi.on/

Noun

ῐ̓σχῐ́ον • (iskhíon) n (genitive ῐ̓σχῐ́ου); second declension (Epic, Ionic, Attic, Koine)

1. (anatomy) hip-joint
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.5:

     τῷ βάλεν Αἰνείαο κατ’ ἰσχίον, ἔνθα τε μηρὸς
     ἰσχίῳ ἐνστρέφεται, κοτύλην δέ τέ μιν καλέουσιν

     tôi bálen Aineíao kat’ iskhíon, éntha te mēròs
     iskhíōi enstréphetai, kotúlēn dé té min kaléousin

     • 1924 translation by Murray

       [he smote Aeneas] on the hip, where the thigh turns in the hip joint,—the cup, men call it

2. area around the hip-joint; haunch

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ ῐ̓σχῐ́ον; τοῦ ῐ̓σχῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ῐ̓σχῐ́ον tò iskhíon	τὼ ῐ̓σχῐ́ω tṑ iskhíō	τᾰ̀ ῐ̓σχῐ́ᾰ tà iskhía
Genitive	τοῦ ῐ̓σχῐ́ου toû iskhíou	τοῖν ῐ̓σχῐ́οιν toîn iskhíoin	τῶν ῐ̓σχῐ́ων tôn iskhíōn
Dative	τῷ ῐ̓σχῐ́ῳ tôi iskhíōi	τοῖν ῐ̓σχῐ́οιν toîn iskhíoin	τοῖς ῐ̓σχῐ́οις toîs iskhíois
Accusative	τὸ ῐ̓σχῐ́ον tò iskhíon	τὼ ῐ̓σχῐ́ω tṑ iskhíō	τᾰ̀ ῐ̓σχῐ́ᾰ tà iskhía
Vocative	ῐ̓σχῐ́ον iskhíon	ῐ̓σχῐ́ω iskhíō	ῐ̓σχῐ́ᾰ iskhía
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Latin: ischion, ischium
• English: ischium, ischiatic, sciatic

References

• “ἰσχίον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἰσχίον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἰσχίον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἰσχίον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἰσχίον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN