یک

See also: يك, یك, and یگ

Gilaki

Numeral

یک (yek)

1. one

Mazanderani

Numeral

یک (yak)

1. one

Persian

Alternative forms

• یه (ye), یگ (yag)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾywk'), 𐫏𐫐 (yk /⁠ēwak⁠/), from Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾy /⁠ē⁠/), 𐭧𐭣 (HD), 𐫙𐫏𐫇 (ʿyw /⁠ēw⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *Háywah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háywas, from Proto-Indo-European *óywos.

Indo-European cognates include Bactrian ιωγο (iōgo), Sanskrit एक (eka), Ancient Greek οἶος (oîos), German ein, French un, English one, Latin ūnus, etc..

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [jak]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [jäk]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [jäk]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [jäk], [jäɡ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [jäk]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [jekʲ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [jäk]

Readings
Classical reading?	yak
Dari reading?	yak
Iranian reading?	yek
Tajik reading?	yak

• Audio (Iran)

  (file)

Numeral

Persian numbers ^(edit)

		10
	←  0	۱ 1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: یک (yek)     Ordinal: اَوَّل (avval)

Dari	یک
Iranian Persian
Tajik	як

یک • (yek) (Persian numeral ۱)

1. one

Noun

یک • (yek)

1. one

Derived terms

• یکم (yekom)
• یکی (yeki)
• یکا (yekâ)
  • یکای کیهانی (yekâ-ye keyhâni)
• یکتا (yektâ)
  • یکتاپرست (yektâ-parast)
    • یکتاپرستی (yektâ-parasti)
    • یکتاپرستانه (yektâ-parastâne)
  • یکتائی (yektâ'i)
• یگانه (yegâne)
  • یگانگی (yegânegi)
• یک‌شنبه (yek-šanbe)
• یک‌رنگ (yek-rang)
• یکدیگر (yekdigar)
• یکدفعه (yekdaf'e)
• یکدل (yekdel)
• یکبار (yekbâr)
  • یکبار دیگر (yekbâr digar)
• یکی بود یکی نبود (yeki bud yeki nabud)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: yek
• → Chagatai: یک
  • Uyghur: يەك (yek)
  • Uzbek: yak
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: यक (yak)
  • Urdu: یَک (yak)
• → Ottoman Turkish: یَك (yek)
  • Turkish: yek
• → Punjabi: یَک (yak)

References

• Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) “*¹aiu̯a-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 136

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian یَک (yak).

Numeral

یَک • (yak)

1. one

   Synonym: اِکّ (īkk)

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “یک”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian یَک (yak).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /jək/

Numeral

یَک • (yak) (Hindi spelling यक)

1. one

   Synonym: ایک (ek)

Further reading

• Platts, John T. (1884) “يك”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “یک”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.