विनक्ति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৱিনক্তি (Assamese script)
• ᬯᬶᬦᬓ᭄ᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
• বিনক্তি (Bengali script)
• 𑰪𑰰𑰡𑰎𑰿𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀯𑀺𑀦𑀓𑁆𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဝိနက္တိ (Burmese script)
• વિનક્તિ (Gujarati script)
• ਵਿਨਕ੍ਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌵𑌿𑌨𑌕𑍍𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦮꦶꦤꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂫𑂱𑂢𑂍𑂹𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ವಿನಕ್ತಿ (Kannada script)
• វិនក្តិ (Khmer script)
• ວິນກ຺ຕິ (Lao script)
• വിനക്തി (Malayalam script)
• ᠸᡳᠨᠠᡬᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘪𑘱𑘡𑘎𑘿𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠸᠢᠨᠠᢉᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧊𑧒𑧁𑦮𑧠𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐰𑐶𑐣𑐎𑑂𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଵିନକ୍ତି (Odia script)
• ꢮꢶꢥꢒ꣄ꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆮𑆴𑆤𑆑𑇀𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖪𑖰𑖡𑖎𑖿𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
• විනක‍්ති (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩾𑩑𑩯𑩜 𑪙𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚦𑚮𑚝𑚊𑚶𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
• விநக்தி (Tamil script)
• వినక్తి (Telugu script)
• วินกฺติ (Thai script)
• ཝི་ན་ཀྟི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒫𑒱𑒢𑒏𑓂𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨭𑨁𑨝𑨋𑩇𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wi-né-k-ti (“to separate, choose, set aside”), from the root Proto-Indo-European *weyk-, an extension of *wey- (“to separate”). Possibly cognate with Proto-Germanic *wīhaz (“sacred, holy”), Old Norse vé (“temple, sanctuary”), Latin victima, English witch.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋi.nɐ́k.ti/, [ʋi.nɐ́k̚.ti]
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ʋiˈn̪ɐk.t̪i/, [ʋiˈn̪ɐk̚.t̪i]

Verb

विनक्ति • (vinákti) third-singular indicative (class 7, type P, present, root विच्)

1. (agriculture) to winnow, to separate (grain from chaff)
2. to discern, discriminate, judge

Conjugation

Present: विनक्ति (vinákti)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	विनक्ति vinákti	विङ्क्तः viṅktáḥ	विञ्चन्ति viñcánti	- -	- -	- -
Second	विनक्षि vinákṣi	विङ्क्थः viṅktháḥ	विङ्क्थ viṅkthá	- -	- -	- -
First	विनच्मि vinácmi	विञ्च्वः viñcváḥ	विञ्च्मः / विञ्च्मसि¹ viñcmáḥ / viñcmási¹	- -	- -	- -
Imperative
Third	विनक्तु vináktu	विङ्क्ताम् viṅktā́m	विञ्चन्तु viñcántu	- -	- -	- -
Second	विङ्ग्धि viṅgdhí	विङ्क्तम् viṅktám	विङ्क्त viṅktá	- -	- -	- -
First	विनचानि vinácāni	विनचाव vinácāva	विनचाम vinácāma	- -	- -	- -
Optative/Potential
Third	विञ्च्यात् viñcyā́t	विञ्च्याताम् viñcyā́tām	विञ्च्युः viñcyúḥ	- -	- -	- -
Second	विञ्च्याः viñcyā́ḥ	विञ्च्यातम् viñcyā́tam	विञ्च्यात viñcyā́ta	- -	- -	- -
First	विञ्च्याम् viñcyā́m	विञ्च्याव viñcyā́va	विञ्च्याम viñcyā́ma	- -	- -	- -
Subjunctive
Third	विनचत् / विनचति vinácat / vinácati	विनचतः vinácataḥ	विनचन् vinácan	- -	- -	- -
Second	विनचः / विनचसि vinácaḥ / vinácasi	विनचथः vinácathaḥ	विनचथ vinácatha	- -	- -	- -
First	विनचानि / विनचा vinácāni / vinácā	विनचाव vinácāva	विनचाम vinácāma	- -	- -	- -
Participles
	विञ्चत् viñcát			- -
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अविनक् (ávinak)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अविनक् ávinak	अविङ्क्ताम् áviṅktām	अविञ्चन् áviñcan	- -	- -	- -
Second	अविनक् ávinak	अविङ्क्तम् áviṅktam	अविङ्क्त áviṅkta	- -	- -	- -
First	अविनचम् ávinacam	अविञ्च्व áviñcva	अविञ्च्म áviñcma	- -	- -	- -

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “विनक्ति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0958.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “विनक्ति”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 158
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “विनक्ति”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 412
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1128”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1128