Appendix:Latin third declension
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[edit] Nouns
[edit] Description
Latin nouns of the third declension comprise consonant stems and i-stems. They are of all three genders, and have genitives in -is. The forms of the nominative and vocative singular are identical to each other and are often quite different from other cases, in which case both stems are given in citation forms.
Words borrowed from Greek's third declension are inflected with a varying mixture of Greek and Latin case endings.
[edit] Examples
[edit] Consonant stem
Citation form: homō, hominis m.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | homō | homin·ēs |
| genitive | homin·is | homin·um |
| dative | homin·ī | homin·ibus |
| accusative | homin·em | homin·ēs |
| ablative | homin·e | homin·ibus |
| vocative | homō | homin·ēs |
| locative | homin·ī | homin·ibus |
[edit] Neuter consonant stem
Citation form: nōmen, nōminis n.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | nōmen | nōmin·a |
| genitive | nomin·is | nomin·um |
| dative | nomin·ī | nomin·ibus |
| accusative | nōmen | nōmin·a |
| ablative | nomin·e | nomin·ibus |
| vocative | nōmen | nōmin·a |
| locative | nomin·ī | nomin·ibus |
[edit] I-stem
Citation form: nox, noctis f.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | nox | noct·ēs |
| genitive | noct·is | noct·ium |
| dative | noct·ī | noct·ibus |
| accusative | noct·em | noct·ēs |
| ablative | noct·e | noct·ibus |
| vocative | nox | noct·ēs |
| locative | noct·ī | noct·ibus |
[edit] Neuter i-stem
Citation form: animal, animālis n.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | animal | animāl·ia |
| genitive | animāl·is | animāl·ium |
| dative | animāl·ī | animāl·ibus |
| accusative | animal | animāl·ia |
| ablative | animāl·ī | animāl·ibus |
| vocative | animal | animāl·ia |
| locative | animāl·ī | animāl·ibus |
[edit] Greek declensions
Citation form: aer, aeris m, sometimes f
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | aer | aer·ēs |
| genitive | aer·is | aer·um |
| dative | aer·ī | aer·ibus |
| accusative | aer·a / aer·em | aer·ēs |
| ablative | aer·e | aer·ibus |
| vocative | aer | aer·ēs |
| locative | aer·ī | aer·ibus |
Citation form: tigris, tigridis common
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | tigris | tigr·ēs / tigrid·ēs |
| genitive | tigrid·is / tigr·is | tigr·ium |
| dative | tigrid·ī / tigr·ī | tigr·ibus |
| accusative | tigr·im / tigr·in | tigr·is / tigrid·as |
| ablative | tigrid·e / tigr·ī | tigr·ibus |
| vocative | tigris | tigr·ēs / tigrid·ēs |
| locative | tigrid·ī / tigr·ī | tigr·ibus |
[edit] Adjectives
[edit] Description
Latin nouns of the third declension comprise consonant stems and i-stems. The consonant stems include the comparative form of adjectives. This declension is divided into three subcategories: adjectives of one termination (which includes present participles), adjectives of two terminations (one for m. and f., and one for n., and adjectives of three terminations (which are generally -er m., -ris f. and -re n.).
[edit] Examples
[edit] One-termination consonant stem
Citation form: vetus, -eris
| Case | m f singular | n. singular | m f plural | n. plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | vetus | vetus | veter·ēs | veter·a |
| genitive | veter·is | veter·is | veter·um | veter·um |
| dative | veter·ī | veter·ī | veter·ibus | veter·ibus |
| accusative | veter·em | vetus | veter·ēs | veter·a |
| ablative | veter·e | veter·e | veter·ibus | veter·ibus |
| vocative | vetus | vetus | veter·ēs | veter·a |
| locative | veter·ī | veter·ī | veter·ibus | veter·ibus |
[edit] One-termination i-stem
Citation form: atrōx, -ōcis
| Case | m f singular | n. singular | m f plural | n. plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | atrōx | atrōx | atrōc·ēs | atrōc·ia |
| genitive | atrōc·is | atrōc·is | atrōc·ium | atrōc·ium |
| dative | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ibus | atrōc·ibus |
| accusative | atrōc·em | atrōx | atrōc·ēs, ·īs | atrōc·ia |
| ablative | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ibus | atrōc·ibus |
| vocative | atrōx | atrōx | atrōc·ēs | atrōc·ia |
| locative | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ī | atrōc·ibus | atrōc·ibus |
[edit] Two-termination consonant stem (comparatives)
Citation form: melior, -us
| Case | m f singular | n. singular | m f plural | n. plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | melior | melius | meliōr·ēs | meliōr·a |
| genitive | meliōr·is | meliōr·is | meliōr·um | meliōr·um |
| dative | meliōr·ī | meliōr·ī | meliōr·ibus | meliōr·ibus |
| accusative | meliōr·em | melius | meliōr·ēs | meliōr·a |
| ablative | meliōr·e | meliōr·e | meliōr·ibus | meliōr·ibus |
| vocative | melior | melius | meliōr·ēs | meliōr·a |
| locative | meliōr·ī | meliōr·ī | meliōr·ibus | meliōr·ibus |
[edit] Two-termination i-stem
Citation form: tristis, -e
| Case | m f singular | n. singular | m f plural | n. plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | trist·is | trist·e | trist·ēs | trist·ia |
| genitive | trist·is | trist·is | trist·ium | trist·ium |
| dative | trist·ī | trist·ī | trist·ibus | trist·ibus |
| accusative | trist·em | trist·e | trist·ēs, -īs | trist·ia |
| ablative | trist·ī | trist·ī | trist·ibus | trist·ibus |
| vocative | trist·is | trist·e | trist·ēs | trist·ia |
| locative | trist·ī | trist·ī | trist·ibus | trist·ibus |
