Appendix:Proto-Muskogean reconstructions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Proto-Muskogean reconstructions:[1]
Booker (2005)[edit]
no. | gloss | Proto-Muskogean | branch |
---|---|---|---|
1 | dove, pigeon | *pačiCi | |
2 | stem, stalk | *apiCi | |
3 | rock | *taliCi | |
4 | tooth | *notiCi | |
5 | skunk | *koniCo | |
6 | (to) bloom | *pakanli | |
7 | arrow | *θakiCi | |
8 | night | *niθaki | |
9 | yellow-shafted pucker | *xʷitokxaki | |
10 | mulberry | *kʷixiCi | |
11 | (to) copy, imitate | *a-xokʷa | |
12 | behind | *yokʷala | |
13 | pokeweed | *kosikʷaCa | |
14 | (to) have ringworm | *xiClampakʷi | |
15 | overtake | *¢aCki | |
16 | (to) sleep | *no¢i | |
17 | fox | *čolaCa | |
18 | crawfish | *sakačiCo | |
19 | otter | *osana | |
20 | (to) boil | *moxoθi | |
21 | pass through | *lompotVli | |
22 | peel off | *čilaxʷa | |
23 | pull, hold | *xalato | |
24 | seed (in fruit) | *nixiliCi | |
25 | ashes | *ixistoko | |
26 | (to) sit (pl) | *kaxa | |
27 | land | *ixakanika | |
28 | (to) vomit) | *axowita | |
29 | medicine | *axinlisi | |
30 | axe | *čaxaxʷi | |
31 | duck | *xʷočo | |
32 | (to) name | *xocixʷa | |
33 | screech owl | *xaxʷonlo | |
34 | grandfather | *axʷaCo | |
35 | (to) beat, stir up | *kʷaxʷo | |
36 | (to) gnaw | *kalixʷi | |
37 | fall off | *čilaxʷa | |
38 | (to) whip, lash | *loCkanxʷo | |
39 | chief, king | *minkkoCo | |
40 | (to) protrude | *xʷama | |
41 | bone | *xʷoniCi | |
42 | liver, marrow | *lopiCi | |
43 | (to) scratch, slice | *kalaxʷa | |
44 | back (of body) | *θali | |
45 | spring (of water) | *kaliCi | |
46 | (to) doctor | *alikci | |
47 | horn | *(i-)lapi | |
48 | cuckoo | *talonktaCi | |
49 | grubworm | *yolaCa | |
50 | turtle | *lok¢iCa | |
51 | (to) go | *aya | |
52 | crane | *watonlaka | |
53 | wildcat | *kowiCi | |
54 | cricket | *šalontakiCa | |
55 | squash | *šoksiCi | |
56 | ant | *šonkkʷani | |
57 | skin, rind | *axʷakšopi | |
58 | son | *ošiCi | |
59 | tendon, muscle, blood vessel, intestine | *xʷikši | |
60 | yellow, green, brown | *lakna | |
61 | trout | *¢akliCo | |
62 | two | *toklo | |
63 | sifting basket | *sakla | |
64 | soft-shelled turtle | *xolakwaCa | |
65 | hole, hollow | *olakkʷi | |
66 | sun | *xasiCi | |
67 | (to) offer | *wayli | |
68 | hoe | *loyli | |
69 | (to) mark | *čawli | |
70 | persimmon | *xoθkoxʷa | |
71 | mushroom | *paktiCo | |
72 | sack, bag | *sokča | |
73 | ghost | *silopi | |
74 | turkey | *xʷakito | |
75 | betsy bug | *i¢sonksiCo | |
76 | (to) beg, plead for | *kosapi | |
77 | hear | *xaklo | |
78 | earthworm | *lakapčo | |
79 | peach | *tapakonla | |
80 | (of liquid) | *¢itko | |
81 | flat and wide | *patakxa | |
82 | wise | *ko¢tini | |
83 | small | *i¢katini | |
84 | (to) shoot at and hit | *i¢xo | |
85 | smoke | *ičkoči | |
86 | mother | *ičkiCi | |
87 | rectum | *ičkoCkʷiko | |
88 | (to) inflate | *sokpaxʷa | |
89 | destroy, ruin | *xokpani | |
90 | (to) adhere to | *alokpa | |
91 | (to) pucker | *wiliksi | Proto-Eastern Muskogean |
92 | double | *poktaCa | |
93 | tree | *iktiCo | |
94 | frog | *sokaktiCi | |
95 | pass wind | *xok¢o | |
96 | upper arm | *sakkʷaCa | |
97 | astringent tasting | *tikkʷa | |
98 | opossum | *sokxaCa | |
99 | rabbit | *čokxʷiCi | |
100 | jaw, chin | *notakxʷa | |
101 | bramble, briar | *kʷakčoko | Proto-Eastern Muskogean |
102 | rib, side | *nak¢iCi | |
103 | flea | *kastiCo | |
104 | (to) drink | *isko | |
105 | rot, decay | *toskʷi | |
106 | knee | *in-tolkopa | |
107 | father | *iθkiCi | |
108 | (to) steal | *xoθkopa | |
109 | young | *ximanixta | |
110 | day | *nixtaka | |
111 | river | *xaxčaCi | |
112 | hungry | *xox(ʷ)čaxʷa | |
113 | different | *im-alaxka | |
114 | (to) pinch | *yikixʷla | |
115 | skin | *xalkʷiCi | |
116 | wife | *xaliki | Proto-Eastern Muskogean |
117 | (to) forget | *ilxosi | Proto-Eastern Muskogean |
118 | (to) grow, sprout | *xolxʷanti | |
119 | white oak | *kʷalyiCa | |
120 | pine | *colyi | Proto-Eastern Muskogean |
121 | (to) raise animals | *apoykʷa | |
122 | (to) eat (a meal) | *impa | |
123 | (to) come | *ominti | |
124 | pawpaw | *onkʷiCo | |
125 | breast | *ipinsiki | |
126 | (to) hide | *xolamxi | |
127 | buy | *lonxʷa | |
128 | (to) weave | *taCθa | |
129 | (to) get warm from a heat source | *iCθi | |
130 | (to) shoot at | *xonC¢a | |
131 | war | *hoCli | |
132 | (to) die | *iCli | |
133 | pepper | *xoCma | |
134 | (to) want, need | *kʷaCna | |
135 | road | *xinaCi | |
136 | dark | *tampki | |
137 | stout | *lampko | |
138 | snake | *¢inCtiCo | |
139 | hard, rigid | *wantxa | Proto-Eastern Muskogean |
140 | shoot at | *xonC¢a | |
141 | (to) cloak oneself | *anCči | |
142 | whippoorwill | *xačokkʷilankkʷila | |
143 | Canada goose | *axankxaCa | |
144 | grasshopper | *xatankxʷaCo | |
145 | grass | *panxsi | |
146 | true | *anxli | |
147 | hand, lower arm | *ilmkʷi | |
148 | (to) rain | *oynkʷa | |
149 | whoop like an Indian | *paynxa | |
150 | (to) flow | *xoxʷayxna | |
151 | heavy | *waylki | |
152 | buy | *čowmpa | |
153 | (to) suck | *sočonka | |
154 | frost | *xitontiki | |
155 | (to) play a game | *xompani | Proto-Eastern Muskogean |
156 | winter | *oθanxʷaCi | |
157 | (to) pierce | *lompotVli |
References[edit]
- ^ Booker, Karen. (2005). "Muskogean Historical Phonology." In Hardy, Heather Kay and Scancarelli, Janine (eds.), Native languages of the Southeastern United States, 246-298. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.