Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ageti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti. Cognate with Sanskrit अजति (ajati), Latin agō, Old Armenian ածեմ (acem).
Verb[edit]
*ageti
- to drive
Inflection[edit]
| Thematic present, t-preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *agū | *agemam | — | *agam |
| 2nd singular | *agesi | *agetās | — | *axs |
| 3rd singular | *ageti | *ageto | — | *axt |
| 1st plural | *agomosi | *agemo | — | *agme |
| 2nd plural | *agetesi | *agestē | — | *axte |
| 3rd plural | *agonti | *agento | — | *agant |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *agāsū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *agāsesi | ? | *age | |
| 3rd singular | *agāseti | ? | *agetou | |
| 1st plural | *agāsomosi | ? | *agomos | |
| 2nd plural | *agāsetesi | ? | *agete | |
| 3rd plural | *agāsonti | ? | *agontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *agūr | — | — | — |
| 2nd singular | *agetar | — | — | — |
| 3rd singular | *agetor | ? | — | — |
| 1st plural | *agommor | — | — | — |
| 2nd plural | *agedwe | — | — | — |
| 3rd plural | *agontor | ? | — | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *agāsūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *agāsetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *agāsetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *agāsommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *agāsedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *agāsontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *axtos | *axtou | *axtoi |
| vocative | *axte | *axtou | *axtoi |
| accusative | *axtom | *axtou | *axtoms |
| genitive | *axtī | *axtous | *axtom |
| dative | *axtūi | *axtobom | *axtobos |
| instrumental | *axtū | *axtobim | *axtobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *axtā | *axtai | *axtās |
| vocative | *axtā | *axtai | *axtās |
| accusative | *axtam | *axtai | *axtams |
| genitive | *axtās | *axtous | *axtom |
| dative | *axtai | *axtābom | *axtābos |
| instrumental | *? | *axtābim | *axtābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *axtom | *axtou | *axtā |
| vocative | *axtom | *axtou | *axtā |
| accusative | *axtom | *axtou | *axtā |
| genitive | *axtī | *axtous | *axtom |
| dative | *axtūi | *axtobom | *axtobos |
| instrumental | *axtū | *axtobim | *axtobis |
This verb was subject to pervasive suppletion in all daughter languages, moreso in Brythonic, often taking up forms originally from *ɸalnati.
Derived terms[edit]
- *ambi-ad-ageti
- *kanta-ambi-ad-ageti
- Middle Welsh: canhymddaant (3pl pres)
- *to-ageti
- *uɸor-ambi-ad-ageti
- Middle Welsh: gorymdda (3sg pres)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- Matasović, Ranko (2011). “Addenda et corrigenda to Ranko Matasović’s Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Brill, Leiden 2009)”, s.v. “*ag-o-”, Zagreb, p. 1.