Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bagmaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *baumaz (West Germanic)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to grow, swell”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɑɣ.mɑz/

Noun

*bagmaz m

1. tree

   Synonym: *trewą

2. beam, balk

   Synonyms: *balkô, *galgô

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *bagmaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*bagmaz	*bagmōz, *bagmōs
vocative	*bagm	*bagmōz, *bagmōs
accusative	*bagmą	*bagmanz
genitive	*bagmas, *bagmis	*bagmǫ̂
dative	*bagmai	*bagmamaz
instrumental	*bagmō	*bagmamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *baum
  • Old English: bēam, bēom
    • Middle English: beem, beam, bem, beme, beume; beam, beame; beam, beom
      • English: beam
        • → German: beamen
        • → Japanese: ビーム
        • → Dutch: beamen
      • Scots: beam
  • Old Frisian: bām, baem
    • North Frisian:

      Most dialects: buum

      Heligoland: Booam

      Sylt: Boom

    • Saterland Frisian: Boom
    • West Frisian: beam
  • Old Saxon: bōm
    • Middle Low German: bôm
      • German Low German: Boom
      • Plautdietsch: Boom
      • → Danish: bom
      • → Finnish: puomi
      • → Gutnish: bom
      • → Norwegian Bokmål: bom
      • → Norwegian Nynorsk: bom
      • → Swedish: bom
  • Old Dutch: bōm
    • Middle Dutch: bôom
      • Dutch: boom
      • Limburgish: boum
  • Old High German: boum, poum, paum
    • Middle High German: boum
      • Alemannic German: Baaum, Bum, Baim, Baum, Boum

        Swabian: Boum, Boom

        Walser: böim, baum, bem

      • Bavarian: Bam, paam, pame

        Cimbrian: póom, puam, pome

        Mòcheno: pa'm

      • Central Franconian: Boom, Baam, Baum, Boum

        Hunsrik: Baam

        Luxembourgish: Bam

        Transylvanian Saxon: bum

      • East Central German:

        Erzgebirgisch: Baam

        Upper Saxon German: Boom, Baam

        Vilamovian: baojm, boum

      • East Franconian: Baam, Bääm
      • German: Baum
      • Rhine Franconian: Baam

        Pennsylvania German: Baam

        Palatine German: Baam

      • Yiddish: בוים (boym)
• Old Norse: baðmr
  • Icelandic: baðmur
  • Old Swedish: bagn
• Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (bagms)