afradu

Welsh

Etymology

afrad (“prodigality, wastefulness”) +‎ -u

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /avˈradɨ̞/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /avˈra(ː)di/

Verb

afradu (first-person singular present afradaf)

1. to waste, to squander

   Synonyms: afradloni, bradu, gwastraffu

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	afradaf	afredi	afrada	afradwn	afredwch, afradwch	afradant	afredir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	afradwn	afradit	afradai	afradem	afradech	afradent	afredid
preterite	afredais	afredaist	afradodd	afradasom	afradasoch	afradasant	afradwyd
pluperfect	afradaswn	afradasit	afradasai	afradasem	afradasech	afradasent	afradasid, afradesid
present subjunctive	afradwyf	afredych	afrado	afradom	afradoch	afradont	afrader
imperative	—	afrada	afraded	afradwn	afredwch, afradwch	afradent	afrader
verbal noun	afradu
verbal adjectives	afradedig afradadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	afrada i, afradaf i	afradi di	afradith o/e/hi, afradiff e/hi	afradwn ni	afradwch chi	afradan nhw
conditional	afradwn i, afradswn i	afradet ti, afradset ti	afradai fo/fe/hi, afradsai fo/fe/hi	afraden ni, afradsen ni	afradech chi, afradsech chi	afraden nhw, afradsen nhw
preterite	afradais i, afrades i	afradaist ti, afradest ti	afradodd o/e/hi	afradon ni	afradoch chi	afradon nhw
imperative	—	afrada	—	—	afradwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

• bradu (“to waste, to squander”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
afradu	unchanged	unchanged	hafradu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “afradu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies