aredig

Welsh

benywod yn aredig

Alternative forms

• arddu
• eredig
• erddi

Etymology

Finite forms built on the stem ardd- are from Proto-Brythonic *ėrðɨd, from Proto-Celtic *aryeti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti. The verbal noun is from Middle Welsh eredic (with analogically restored a in the first syllable), from Proto-Brythonic *ėrėdig, from Proto-Celtic *aratīkos, from the root of *aryeti (“to plow”), from *h₂erh₃-.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /aˈrɛdɪɡ/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /aˈreːdɪɡ/, /aˈrɛdɪɡ/

Verb

aredig (first-person singular present arddaf or aredaf)

1. to plow

Conjugation

Finite forms built on the stem ardd- (most common forms):

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	arddaf	erddi	ardd	arddwn	erddwch	arddant	erddir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	arddwn	arddit	arddai	arddem	arddech	arddent	erddid
preterite	erddais	erddaist	arddodd	arddasom	arddasoch	arddasant	arddwyd
pluperfect	arddaswn	arddasit	arddasai	arddasem	arddasech	arddasent	arddasid, arddesid
present subjunctive	arddwyf	erddych	arddo	arddom	arddoch	arddont	ardder
imperative	—	ardd	ardded	arddwn	erddwch	arddent	ardder
verbal noun	aredig
verbal adjectives	arddedig arddadwy

Finite forms built on the stem ared- (rare):

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	aredaf	aredi	ared, areda	aredwn	aredwch	aredant	aredir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	aredwn	aredit	aredai	aredem	aredech	aredent	aredid
preterite	aredais	aredaist	aredodd	aredasom	aredasoch	aredasant	aredwyd
pluperfect	aredaswn	aredasit	aredasai	aredasem	aredasech	aredasent	aredasid, aredesid
present subjunctive	aredwyf	aredych	aredo	aredom	aredoch	aredont	areder
imperative	—	ared, areda	areded	aredwn	aredwch	aredent	areder
verbal noun	aredig
verbal adjectives	arededig aredadwy

Related terms

• aradr

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
aredig	unchanged	unchanged	haredig
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “arddaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies