rós

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ros"

Icelandic

Etymology

From Latin rosa (“rose”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrouːs/

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• Rhymes: -ouːs

Noun

rós f (genitive singular rósar, nominative plural rósir)

1. rose

   Þær fegurstu rósir sem ég hef séð, eru þær sem falla fyrst.

   The most beautiful roses that I have seen are those that fall first.

Declension

declension of rós

f-s2	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	rós	rósin	rósir	rósirnar
accusative	rós	rósina	rósir	rósirnar
dative	rós	rósinni	rósum	rósunum
genitive	rósar	rósarinnar	rósa	rósanna

Derived terms

• rósarunni
• rósakál
• Sigurrós

Related terms

• Rósa

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /ɾˠoːsˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɾˠɔːsˠ/

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish rós, borrowed from Latin rosa.

Noun

rós m (genitive singular róis, nominative plural rósanna)

1. rose (flower)
2. (architecture, electricity, heraldry) rose

Declension

Declension of rós

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative rós rósanna Vocative a róis a rósanna Genitive róis rósanna Dative rós rósanna

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an rós na rósanna Genitive an róis na rósanna Dative leis an rós don rós leis na rósanna

Alternative forms

• rósa

Derived terms

• bior-rós m (“water-lily”)
• rós-hocas m (“rose-mallow”)
• rós Mhuire m (“rosemary”)
• rós tae m, taerós m (“tea-rose”)

Etymology 2

Verb

rós (present analytic rósann, future analytic rósfaidh, verbal noun rósadh, past participle rósta)

1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of róst (“roast”)

Conjugation

conjugation of rós (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	rósaim	rósann tú; rósair†	rósann sé, sí	rósaimid	rósann sibh	rósann siad; rósaid†	a rósann; a rósas	róstar
	past	rós mé; rósas	rós tú; rósais	rós sé, sí	rósamar; rós muid	rós sibh; rósabhair	rós siad; rósadar	a rós / ar rós*	rósadh
	past habitual	rósainn	róstá	rósadh sé, sí	rósaimis; rósadh muid	rósadh sibh	rósaidís; rósadh siad	a rósadh / a rósadh*	róstaí
future		rósfaidh mé; rósfad	rósfaidh tú; rósfair†	rósfaidh sé, sí	rósfaimid; rósfaidh muid	rósfaidh sibh	rósfaidh siad; rósfaid†	a rósfaidh; a rósfas	rósfar
conditional		rósfainn	rósfá	rósfadh sé, sí	rósfaimis; rósfadh muid	rósfadh sibh	rósfaidís; rósfadh siad	a rósfadh / a rósfadh*	rósfaí
subjunctive	present	go rósa mé; go rósad†	go rósa tú; go rósair†	go rósa sé, sí	go rósaimid; go rósa muid	go rósa sibh	go rósa siad; go rósaid†	—	go róstar
	past	dá rósainn	dá róstá	dá rósadh sé, sí	dá rósaimis; dá rósadh muid	dá rósadh sibh	dá rósaidís; dá rósadh siad	—	dá róstaí
imperative		rósaim	rós	rósadh sé, sí	rósaimis	rósaigí; rósaidh†	rósaidís	—	róstar
verbal noun		rósadh
past participle		rósta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rós”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “rós”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “rós”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 579
• Entries containing “rós” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “rós” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
• Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 44

Middle Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rosa.

Noun

rós m or f

1. rose
   • 1160, Auraicept na n-Éces, l.5645:

     sug in rois doní ruamna

     sap of the rose

Descendants

• Irish: rós
• Scottish Gaelic: ròs

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “rós”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language