tullõ
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Votic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *tuldak, from Proto-Uralic *tole-.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
tullõ
- to come
- to arrive
- (of rain, snow etc.) to come down, to fall
- to come to pass, to happen
- to come up, to arise, to appear
- to become, to turn into
Inflection[edit]
| Conjugation of tullõ (type V-3/tullõ, no gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | tuõn | en tuõ | 1st singular | õõn tullu | en õõ tullu |
| 2nd singular | tuõd | ed tuõ | 2nd singular | õõd tullu | ed õõ tullu |
| 3rd singular | tuõb | eb tuõ | 3rd singular | on tullu | eb õõ tullu |
| 1st plural | tuõmmõ | emmä tuõ | 1st plural | öõmmõ tullu | emmä õõ tullu |
| 2nd plural | tuõttõ | että tuõ | 2nd plural | õõttõ tullu | että õõ tullu |
| 3rd plural | tulla | eväd tuõ | 3rd plural | õlla tultu | eväd õõ tultu |
| impersonal | tulla | eväd tuõ | impersonal | õlla tultu | eväd õõ tultu |
| Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | tulin | en tullu | 1st singular | õlin tullu | — |
| 2nd singular | tulid | ed tullu | 2nd singular | õlid tullu | — |
| 3rd singular | tuli | eb tullu | 3rd singular | õli tullu | — |
| 1st plural | tulimmõ | emmä tullu | 1st plural | õlimmõ tullu | — |
| 2nd plural | tulittõ | että tullu | 2nd plural | õlittõ tullu | — |
| 3rd plural | tulti | eväd tultu | 3rd plural | õlti tultu | — |
| impersonal | tulti | eväd tultu | impersonal | õlti tultu | — |
| Conditional | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | tulõizin | en tulõizʹ | 1st singular | õllõizin tullu | en õllõizʹ tullu |
| 2nd singular | tulõizid | ed tulõizʹ | 2nd singular | õllõizid tullu | ed õllõizʹ tullu |
| 3rd singular | tulõizʹ | eb tulõizʹ | 3rd singular | õllõizʹ tullu | eb õllõizʹ tullu |
| 1st plural | tulõizimmõ | emmä tulõizʹ | 1st plural | õllõizimmõ tullu | emmä õllõizʹ tullu |
| 2nd plural | tulõizittõ | että tulõizʹ | 2nd plural | õllõizittõ tullu | että õllõizʹ tullu |
| 3rd plural | tultaizʹ | eväd tultaizʹ | 3rd plural | õltaizʹ tultu | eväd õltaizʹ tultu |
| impersonal | tultaizʹ | eväd tultaizʹ | impersonal | õltaizʹ tultu | eväd õltaizʹ tultu |
| Imperative | |||||
| Present | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | — | — | |||
| 2nd singular | tuõ | elä tuõ | |||
| 3rd singular | tulko | elko tulko | |||
| 1st plural | — | — | |||
| 2nd plural | tulka | elka tulka | |||
| 3rd plural | tulkod | — | |||
| impersonal | — | — | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitives | Participles | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | tullõ | present | tulõjõ1) | — | |
| 2nd | illative | tulõma | past | tullu | tultu |
| inessive | tulõmõz | 1) also used as the agent noun | |||
| elative | tulõmassõ | ||||
| abessive | tulõmattõ | ||||
References[edit]
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn