扁桃
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Chinese
[edit]flat; tablet; inscription flat; tablet; inscription; small boat |
peach | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (扁桃) | 扁 | 桃 | |
simp. #(扁桃) | 扁 | 桃 | |
alternative forms | 偏桃 匾桃 |
Etymology
[edit]A Central Asian import during the Medieval period. Perhaps a phono-semantic matching of Persian بادام (bâdâm, “almond”) (as per Cihai), semantically construed as the “flat peach”.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢˇ ㄊㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: biǎntáo
- Wade–Giles: pien3-tʻao2
- Yale: byǎn-táu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beantaur
- Palladius: бяньтао (bjanʹtao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: bin2 tou4
- Yale: bín tòuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: bin2 tou4
- Guangdong Romanization: bin2 tou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /piːn³⁵ tʰou̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Noun
[edit]扁桃
- almond (the plant Prunus amygdalus or its fruit)
- flat peach
Synonyms
[edit]- (almond): 巴旦木 (bādànmù), 巴旦杏 (bādànxìng), 杏仁 (xìngrén), (Taiwan) 杏仁果 (xìngrénguǒ)
- (flat peach): 蟠桃 (pántáo)
Derived terms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Tonsils_diagram.jpg/250px-Tonsils_diagram.jpg)
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
扁 | 桃 |
へん Hyōgai |
とう Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]/pentau/ → /fentau/ → /hentau/ → /hentɔː/ → /hentoː/
From Middle Chinese compound 扁桃 (penX daw, literally “flat, thin + peach”), from the way the almond fruit resembles a flat, thin peach.
The modern sense of tonsil came about by contraction from the full term 扁桃腺 (hentōsen, literally “almond gland”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]扁桃 or 扁桃 • (hentō) ←へんたう (fentau)?
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
- 苦扁桃 (kuhentō): bitter almond
- 苦扁桃油 (kuhentōyu): bitter almond oil
- 苦扁桃水 (kuhentōsui): bitter almond oil dissolved in water
- 扁桃炎 (hentōen): tonsillitis
- 扁桃核 (hentōkaku): amygdala
- 扁桃腺 (hentōsen): tonsil
- 扁桃腺炎 (hentōsen'en): tonsillitis
- 扁桃腺切除 (hentōsen setsujo): tonsillectomy
- 扁桃肥大 (hentō hidai): enlarged tonsils, tonsillar hypertrophy
- 扁桃体 (hentōtai): amygdala
- 扁桃油 (hentōyu): almond oil
References
[edit]- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Categories:
- Chinese phono-semantic matchings from Persian
- Chinese terms derived from Persian
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 扁
- Chinese terms spelled with 桃
- zh:Nuts
- zh:Stone fruits
- zh:Prunus genus plants
- Japanese terms spelled with 扁 read as へん
- Japanese terms spelled with 桃 read as とう
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- ja:Nuts