持つ

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
有つ

Etymology

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From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *mətu.

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「持つ
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
持つ [móꜜtsù]
Imperative (命令形) 持て [móꜜtè]
Key constructions
Passive 持たれる たれ [mòtáréꜜrù]
Causative 持たせる たせ [mòtáséꜜrù]
Potential 持てる [mòtéꜜrù]
Volitional 持とう [mòtóꜜò]
Negative 持たない ない [mòtáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 持たなかった なかった [mòtáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 持ちます ちま [mòchímáꜜsù]
Perfective 持った った [móꜜttà]
Conjunctive 持って って [móꜜttè]
Hypothetical conditional 持てば てば [móꜜtèbà]

Verb

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() (motsutransitive godan (stem () (mochi), past ()った (motta))

  1. to hold, to carry something
    コートを()ちましょうか。
    Kōto o mochimashō ka.
    Shall I hold your coat?
  2. to have, to possess
    パスポートは()った
    Pasupōto wa motta?
    Have you got your passport?
    (かね)をいくら()っていますか。
    O-kane o ikura motte imasu ka.
    How much money do you have?
    (わたし)はお(かね)()っていない。
    Watashi wa o-kane o motte inai.
    I don't have any money.
    自転車(じてんしゃ)()っていない。
    Jitensha o motte inai.
    I don't have a bicycle.
    (くるま)()っていませんが、自転車(じてんしゃ)なら()っています。
    Kuruma wa motte imasen ga, jitensha nara motte imasu.
    I don't have a car, but I have a bicycle.
  3. to hold up, to maintain
    精神(せいしん)()たない
    seishin ga motanai
    can't withstand the pressure
    心臓(しんぞう)()たない
    shinzō ga motanai
    my heart can't take it

Synonyms

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Conjugation

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Idioms

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Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN