百足

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Chinese

[edit]
hundred foot; to be sufficient
simp. and trad.
(百足) 		百 足
alternative forms 百縮／百缩 dialectal Cantonese
百宿 dialectal Cantonese
百叔 dialectal Cantonese

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

百足

  1. (literary or Cantonese, Pinghua, dialectal Hakka) centipede (Classifier: 條／条 c)
  2. (literary) millipede; diplopod

Synonyms

[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 蜈蚣 (“centipede”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 蜈蚣, 百足, 螂蛆
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 蜈蚣
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 蜈蚣
Taiwan 蜈蚣
Chengde 蜈蚣
Chifeng 蜈蚣
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 蜈蚣
Heihe 蜈蚣
Qiqihar 蜈蚣
Harbin 蜈蚣
Jiamusi 蜈蚣
Baicheng 蜈蚣
Changchun 蜈蚣
Tonghua 蜈蚣
Shenyang 蜈蚣
Jinzhou 蜈蚣
Singapore 蜈蚣
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 蜈蚣
Tangshan 蜈蚣
Cangzhou 蜈蚣
Baoding 蜈蚣
Shijiazhuang 蜈蚣
Lijin 蜈蚣
Jinan 蜈蚣
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 蜈蚣
Dandong 蜈蚣
Yantai 蜈蚣
Yantai (Muping) 蜈蚣
Qingdao 蜈蚣
Zhucheng 蜈蚣
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 蜈蚣
Lingbao 蜈蚣
Jining 蜈蚣
Wanrong 千把子
Linfen 蜈蚣
Shangqiu 蜈蚣
Yuanyang 蜈蚣
Zhengzhou 蜈蚣
Xinyang 蜈蚣
Baihe 蜈蚣
Xi'an 蜈蚣
Baoji 蜈蚣
Tianshui 蜈蚣
Xining 蜈蚣
Xuzhou 蜈蚣
Fuyang 蜈蚣
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 蜈蚣, 毛扎扎
Lanzhou 蜈蚣
Dunhuang 蜈蚣
Hami 蜈蚣
Ürümqi 蜈蚣
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 蜈蚣, 蜈蚣蟲, 雷蚣蟲
Nanchong 蜈蚣
Dazhou 雷蚣蟲
Hanyuan 龍蚣蟲
Xichang 蜈蚣
Zigong 雷蚣蟲
Chongqing 蜈蚣蟲, 雷蚣蟲
Wuhan 蜈蚣, 多腳蟲
Yichang 蜈蚣
Xiangyang 蜈蚣
Tianmen 蜈蚣
Guiyang 蜈蚣蟲
Zunyi 雷蚣蟲
Bijie 雷蚣蟲
Liping 蜈蚣
Zhaotong 蜈蚣
Dali 蜈蚣
Kunming 蜈蚣
Mengzi 蜈蚣
Guilin 蜈蚣
Liuzhou 蜈蚣
Jishou 蜈蚣
Changde 蜈蚣
Hanzhong 蜈蚣
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 蜈蚣
Yangzhou 百腳
Lianyungang 蜈蚣
Nantong 百腳
Anqing 蜈蚣
Wuhu 蜈蚣
Hefei 蜈蚣
Hong'an 蜈蚣, 雷骨蟲
Cantonese Guangzhou 百足, 雞蟲
Hong Kong 百足, 蜈蚣
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 百足
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 百足
Macau 百足
Guangzhou (Panyu) 百足
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 百足
Guangzhou (Conghua) 百足
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 百足
Foshan 百足
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 百足
Foshan (Shunde) 百足
Foshan (Sanshui) 百足
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 百足
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 百足
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 百足
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 百足
Zhuhai (Doumen) 百足
Jiangmen (Baisha) 百足
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 百足
Taishan 百足
Kaiping (Chikan) 百足
Enping (Niujiang) 百足
Heshan (Yayao) 百足
Dongguan 炮足
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 百足
Qingyuan 百足
Fogang 蜈蚣
Yingde (Hanguang) 百足
Yangshan 蜈蚣蟲
Lianshan (Butian) 蜈蚣
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 蜈蚣蟲
Shaoguan 百足
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 百足
Renhua 百腳蛇
Lechang 百足, 蜈蚣蟲
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 百足
Sihui 百足
Guangning 百足
Deqing 百足
Huaiji 百足, 蜈蚣蟲
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 蜈蚣
Yunfu 百足
Xinxing 百足
Luoding 百足
Yangjiang 百足
Xinyi 百足
Lianjiang 百足
Nanning 百足
Wuzhou 百足
Yulin 八足
Hepu (Lianzhou) 百足, 百蟲
Hepu (Shatian) 百足
Guiping 百足
Guiping (Mule) 百足
Pingnan 百足
Guigang (Gangcheng) 百足
Guigang (Pingdong) 百足
Beihai 百足
Beihai (Nankang) 百足
Beihai (Yingpan) 百足
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 百足
Gan Nanchang 蜈蚣, 蜈蚣蟲
Lichuan 籠蚣
Pingxiang 蜈蚣查
Hakka Meixian 蜈蚣蟲
Xingning 蜈蚣蟲
Dabu (Xihe) 蜈蚣蟲
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 壁𧐴
Huidong (Daling) 蜈蚣蜞
Dongguan (Qingxi) 蜈蚣蟲
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 蜈蚣蟲
Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 百足, 蜈蚣蟲
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 蜈蚣蟲
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 蜈蚣蟲
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 蜈蚣
Wuhua (Huacheng) 蜈蚣蟲
Wuhua (Changbu) 蜈蚣蟲
Wuhua (Mianyang) 蜈蚣蟲
Heyuan (Bendihua) 壁𧐴
Wengyuan 𧓅蚣蟲
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 蜈蚣蟲
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 蜈蚣
Liannan 蜈蚣
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 蜈蚣
Jiexi 蜈蚣蟲
Luhe 蜈蚣蟲
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 蜈蚣蟲
Changting 蜈蚣蟲
Longyan (Yongding) 蜈蚣蟲
Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) 蜈蚣
Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) 蜈蚣蟲
Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) 蜈蚣蟲
Wuping 蜈蚣農
Wuping (Zhongshan) 蜈蚣蟲
Wuping (Yanqian) 蜈蚣蟲
Wuping (Pingyu) 蜈蚣蟲
Liancheng 蜈蚣蟲
Liancheng (Peitian) 蜈蚣蟲
Liancheng (Zhongbao) 蜈蚣蟲
Liancheng (Laiyuan) 蜈蚣
Ninghua 𧓅蚣蛇
Yudu 蜈蚣蟲
Ningdu 蜈蚣蟲
Ruijin 蜈蚣蟲
Shicheng 蜈蚣蟲
Shangyou (Shexi) 蜈蚣蟲
Tonggu (Sandu) 蜈蚣蟲
Ganzhou (Panlong) 蜈蚣蟲
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 蜈蚣蟲
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 蜈蚣蟲
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 蜈蚣蟲
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 蜈蚣蟲, 𧿞蟲
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 蜈蚣蟲
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 蜈蚣, 蜈蚣蟲
Hong Kong 百足, 蜈蚣蟲
Yangxi (Tangkou) 百足
Yangchun (Sanjia) 百足
Xinyi (Sihe) 蜈蚣
Xinyi (Qianpai) 百足
Gaozhou (Xindong) 百足
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 百足
Huazhou (Xin'an) 百足
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 黃公蟲
Lianjiang (Qingping) 蜈蚣蟲
Mengshan (Xihe) 蜈蚣蟲
Luchuan 蜈蚣蟲
Luchuan (Daqiao) 蜈蚣蟲
Chengdu (Hexingchang) 蜈蚣蟲
Weiyuan (Guanyingtan) 蜈蚣蟲
Yilong (Ma'an) 蜈蚣
Xichang (Huanglianguan) 蜈蚣蟲
Sabah (Longchuan) 蜈蚣蟲
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 蜈蚣
Senai (Huiyang) 蜈蚣蟲
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 蜈蚣蟲
Singkawang 蜈蚣蟲
Huizhou Jixi 蜈蚣
Shexian 牛蚣
Jin Taiyuan 蜈蚣, 錢串子
Yangyuan 蜈蚣
Datong 蜈蚣
Xinzhou 蜈蚣
Lüliang (Lishi) 蜈蚣
Changzhi 蜈蚣
Linhe 蜈蚣
Jining 蜈蚣
Hohhot 蜈蚣
Erenhot 蜈蚣
Pingshan 蜈蚣
Zhangjiakou 蜈蚣
Handan 蜈蚣
Linzhou 蜈蚣
Suide 蜈蚣
Northern Min Jian'ou 蛇蚣
Eastern Min Fuzhou 紅蚣
Fuqing 蜈蚣
Southern Min Xiamen 蜈蚣
Quanzhou 蜈蚣
Zhangzhou 蜈蚣
Taipei 蜈蚣
Kaohsiung 蜈蚣
Yilan 蜈蚣
Changhua (Lukang) 蜈蚣
Taichung 蜈蚣
Taichung (Wuqi) 蜈蚣
Tainan 蜈蚣
Taitung 蜈蚣
Hsinchu 蜈蚣
Penghu (Magong) 蜈蚣
Penang (Hokkien) 蜈蚣
Singapore (Hokkien) 蜈蚣
Pingnan (Shangdu) 蜈蚣
Chaozhou 蜈蚣
Shantou 蜈蚣
Jieyang 蜈蚣
Haifeng 蜈蚣
Bangkok (Teochew) 蜈蚣
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 蜈蚣
Singapore (Teochew) 蜈蚣
Pontianak (Teochew) 蜈蚣
Leizhou 蜈蚣
Haikou 蜈蚣
Puxian Min Putian 蜈蚣
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 蜈蚣
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 蜈蚣
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 蜈蚣
Xianyou 蜈蚣
Xianyou (Fengting) 蜈蚣
Xianyou (Youyang) 蜈蚣
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 百足
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 蜈蚣
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 百足
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 蜈蚣蛇
Waxiang Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 蜈蚣
Wu Shanghai 百腳, 蜈蚣
Shanghai (Chongming) 紅蚣
Suzhou 百腳
Danyang 百腳
Hangzhou 蜈蚣
Ningbo 蜈蚣, 百腳
Wenzhou 蜈蚣
Jinhua 芒蚣
Xiang Changsha 蜈蚣, 蜈蚣蟲
Loudi 蜈蚣蟲
Shuangfeng 蜈蚣蟲
Quanzhou 蜈蚣叉, 蜈蚣
Xiangnan Tuhua Jiangyong 黃甘蠶
Yuebei Tuhua Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang) 鉗公蟲
Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang) 蜈蚣蟲
Renhua (Zhoutian) 八腳蛇
Renhua (Shitang) 雷公蛇
Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou) 鉗蜈蟲
Lechang (Changlai) 雷公蛇
Lechang (Beixiang) 蜈蚣蟲
Lechang (Huangpu) 雷公蛇
Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi) 雷公蛇
Lechang (Sanxi) 蜈蚣蛇
  • (millipede):
edit

Derived terms

[edit]
Sino-Xenic (百足):
  • → Japanese: 百(ひゃく)足(そく) (hyakusoku)

Japanese

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
百足 (mukade, hyakusoku): a centipede.

Etymology 1

[edit]
Kanji in this term
百 足
むかで
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
jukujikun
Alternative spellings
蜈蚣
蜈蜙
蝍蛆

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *mukantai, of unknown derivation; some theories include:

  1. a compound of 向かい (mukai, “facing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 向かう (mukau, “to face”)) +‎ 手 (te, “hand”), as the centipede's feet come in facing pairs
  2. a compound of 六 (mu, “six”) +‎ 十 (ka, “ten”, unusual reading; compare the ga in 五十嵐 (igarashi)) +‎ 手 (te, “hand”), literally "sixty hands"; centipedes have more or less than one hundred legs
  3. starting as a compound of 百 (momo, “hundred”) +‎ が (ga, ancient possessive particle) +‎ 手 (te, “hand”), shifting phonetically: /momo ɡa te/ → /mukade/

While the latter two theories seem plausible semantically, the devoicing of ga to ka is quite unusual.

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 百足 (bǎizú).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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百足(むかで) or 百足(ムカデ) • (mukade)  (standard)
(alternative reading hiragana むかぜ, rōmaji mukaze) (Kagoshima dialect)

  1. a centipede
Usage notes
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As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ムカデ.

Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
百 足
ひゃく
Grade: 1 		そく
Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 百足 (MC paek tsjowk).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

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百(ひゃく)足(そく) • (hyakusoku) 

  1. (rare) a centipede
Usage notes
[edit]

The mukade reading is much more common.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading

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Miyako

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Kanji in this term
百 足
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
Alternative spelling
蜈蚣

Noun

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百足(んかじ) (nkaji) 

  1. a centipede

Okinoerabu

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Kanji in this term
百 足
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
Alternative spelling
蜈蚣

Noun

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百足(むかじ) (mukaji) 

  1. a centipede

Tokunoshima

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Kanji in this term
百 足
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
Alternative spelling
蜈蚣

Noun

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百足(ぬかで) (nukade) 

  1. a centipede
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