עצם

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Hebrew

Etymology

Root
ע־צ־ם (ʿ-ts-m)

From Proto-Semitic *ʕaṯ̣m-.

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "IL" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈetsem/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Iraqi Hebrew" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈʕesˀem/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Sephardi" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈ(ʕ)etsem/, [ˈŋetsem]
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Yemenite Hebrew" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈʕæsˀæm/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Tiberian" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈʕɛsˀɛm/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Biblical Hebrew" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈʕasˀm/

Noun

עֶצֶם • (étsem) m (plural indefinite עֲצָמוֹת) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

  1. bone
  2. a thing, object
  3. gist, essence
    זהו עצם העניין.
    zéhu 'étsem ha'inyán.
    That is the essence of the thing.
  4. exact
    וְהֵם חָיוּ בְּאוֹשֶׁר וָעוֹשֶׁר עָד עֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה
    vehém ḥáyu beósher va'ósher 'ad 'étzem hayóm hazé.
    And they lived happily ever after. [literally: And they lived in happiness and wealth to this very day.]
  5. (with possessive suffix) self
    • 2013, נתן גושן, ליבי
      ,הנה אני לא דומה לעצמי לא דומה גם למה שהייתי
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    ראיתי את עצמי בראי.
    raíti ét 'atsmí bar'í.
    I saw myself in the mirror.
  6. (philosophy) substance

Declension

Declension of עֶצֶם
Number Isolated forms With possessive pronouns
State Form Person singular plural
m. f. m. f.
singular indefinite עֶצֶם first עַצְמִי עַצְמֵנוּ
definite הָעֶצֶם second עַצְמְךָ עַצְמֵךְ עַצְמְכֶם עַצְמְכֶן
construct עֶצֶם־ third עַצְמוֹ עַצְמָהּ עַצְמָם עַצְמָן
plural indefinite עֲצָמוֹת first עצמותיי / עַצְמוֹתַי עַצְמוֹתֵינוּ
definite הָעֲצָמוֹת second עַצְמוֹתֶיךָ עצמותייך / עַצְמוֹתַיִךְ עַצְמוֹתֵיכֶם עַצְמוֹתֵיכֶן
construct עַצְמוֹת־ third עַצְמוֹתָיו עַצְמוֹתֶיהָ עַצְמוֹתָם עַצְמוֹתָן

Derived terms

Verb

עָצַם • ('atsám) (pa'al construction, passive counterpart נֶעֱצַם)

  1. to close (one's eyes)
    • אפרת גוש, לראות את האור
      עצמתי עיני אטמתי ליבי

Conjugation

Conjugation of עָצַם (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first עָצַמְתִּי עָצַמְנוּ
second עָצַמְתָּ עָצַמְתְּ עֲצַמְתֶּם1 עֲצַמְתֶּן1
third עָצַם עָצְמָה עָצְמוּ
present עוֹצֵם עוֹצֶמֶת עוֹצְמִים עוֹצְמוֹת
future first אעצום / אֶעֱצֹם נעצום / נַעֲצֹם
second תעצום / תַּעֲצֹם תַּעַצְמִי תַּעַצְמוּ תעצומנה / תַּעֲצֹמְנָה2
third יעצום / יַעֲצֹם תעצום / תַּעֲצֹם יַעַצְמוּ תעצומנה / תַּעֲצֹמְנָה2
imperative עצום / עֲצֹם עִצְמִי עִצְמוּ עצומנה / עֲצֹמְנָה2
notes
  1. Pronounced עָצַמְתֶּם and עָצַמְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Verb

עָצַם • ('atsám) (pa'al construction)

  1. (literary) to become mighty

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew עצם.

Adjective

עצם • (etsem)

  1. in itself, as such

Adverb

עצם • (etsem)

  1. in itself, as such

Noun

עצם • (etsem) m

  1. gist, essence
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