βακτηρία

See also: βακτήρια

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• βάκτρον (báktron)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bak- (“rod, staff, club”), which appears to be a European substrate word. Cognates include Latin baculum and Old Irish bacc.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /bak.tɛː.rí.aː/ → /βak.tiˈri.a/ → /vak.tiˈri.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bak.tɛː.rí.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /bak.te̝ˈri.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βak.tiˈri.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vak.tiˈri.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vak.tiˈri.a/

Noun

βακτηρῐ́ᾱ • (baktērĭ́ā) f (genitive βακτηρῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. rod, staff, cane
   • Ὃς φείδεται τῆς βακτηρίας μισεῖ τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ, ὁ δὲ ἀγαπῶν ἐπιμελῶς παιδεύει.Septuagint, Proverbs 13:24

     Hòs pheídetai tês baktērías miseî tòn huiòn autoû, ho dè agapôn epimelôs paideúei.

     He that spares the rod hates his son: but he that loves, carefully chastens him.

2. baton

Inflection

First declension of ἡ βακτηρῐ́ᾱ; τῆς βακτηρῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ βακτηρῐ́ᾱ hē baktērĭ́ā	τὼ βακτηρῐ́ᾱ tṑ baktērĭ́ā	αἱ βακτηρῐ́αι hai baktērĭ́ai
Genitive	τῆς βακτηρῐ́ᾱς tês baktērĭ́ās	τοῖν βακτηρῐ́αιν toîn baktērĭ́ain	τῶν βακτηρῐῶν tôn baktērĭôn
Dative	τῇ βακτηρῐ́ᾳ têi baktērĭ́āi	τοῖν βακτηρῐ́αιν toîn baktērĭ́ain	ταῖς βακτηρῐ́αις taîs baktērĭ́ais
Accusative	τὴν βακτηρῐ́ᾱν tḕn baktērĭ́ān	τὼ βακτηρῐ́ᾱ tṑ baktērĭ́ā	τᾱ̀ς βακτηρῐ́ᾱς tā̀s baktērĭ́ās
Vocative	βακτηρῐ́ᾱ baktērĭ́ā	βακτηρῐ́ᾱ baktērĭ́ā	βακτηρῐ́αι baktērĭ́ai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “βακτηρία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βακτηρία”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• βακτηρία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• βακτηρία in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • cane idem, page 110.
  • crook idem, page 185.
  • crutch idem, page 187.
  • rod idem, page 720.
  • staff idem, page 808.
  • stick idem, page 816.
  • walking stick idem, page 960.
• βακτηρία, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011