κάραβος

Ancient Greek

Origin unclear; the irregular suffix and phonetics suggest it could be a Pre-Greek,^[1]^[2] Ancient Macedonian,^[3] Semitic,^[4] or Slavic^[5] loan, although ideophonic origin has also been suggested (see ); for more, see English crab. Latin carabus is thought to be borrowed from Greek. Compare Latin scarabaeus, Armenian քարբ (kʻarb); Arabic عَقْرَب (ʕaqrab) and قَارِب (qārib), perhaps from the same ultimate source. Compare also Proto-Slavic *korãbľь.

κᾱ́ρᾰβος • (kā́răbos) m (genitive κᾱρᾰ́βου, diminutive κᾱρᾰ́βῐον); second declension

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κᾱ́ρᾰβος ho kā́răbos	τὼ κᾱρᾰ́βω tṑ kārắbō	οἱ κᾱ́ρᾰβοι hoi kā́răboi
Genitive	τοῦ κᾱρᾰ́βου toû kārắbou	τοῖν κᾱρᾰ́βοιν toîn kārắboin	τῶν κᾱρᾰ́βων tôn kārắbōn
Dative	τῷ κᾱρᾰ́βῳ tōî kārắbōi	τοῖν κᾱρᾰ́βοιν toîn kārắboin	τοῖς κᾱρᾰ́βοις toîs kārắbois
Accusative	τὸν κᾱ́ρᾰβον tòn kā́răbon	τὼ κᾱρᾰ́βω tṑ kārắbō	τοὺς κᾱρᾰ́βους toùs kārắbous
Vocative	κᾱ́ρᾰβε kā́răbe	κᾱρᾰ́βω kārắbō	κᾱ́ρᾰβοι kā́răboi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “κᾱ́ρᾰβος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 642
^ Robert S. P. Beekes, Greek etymological dictionary
^ Klein, Dr. Ernest (1966-1967), A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary Of The English Language‎^[1], eighth impression, Amsterdam: Elsevier, published 2003, →ISBN, →OCLC.
^ “Proto-Semitic root: *ʕaḳrab-; Number 2340” in Georgiy Starostin, Tower of Babel, Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin.
^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “korab”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volumes II: K—Kot, Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego, page 472