κέδρος
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Ancient Greek[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Unknown. Perhaps a Mediterranean Pre-Greek borrowing, maybe the same word as Arabic قَطْرَان (qaṭrān, “resin, tar”) and related to Akkadian 𒌑𒆐𒊏𒀀𒉡 (U₂qat₆-ra-a-nu /qatrānu/, “cedar resin”), particularly considering the region to which the genus Cedrus is native. Compare also قَطَر (qaṭar, “Qatar”) and its root related to the dribbling of resins, secretions, and other aromatic resinous woods like agarwood. Note also Old Armenian ցիրդ (cʿird).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ké.dros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkɛ.dros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈke.ðros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈce.ðros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈce.ðros/
Noun[edit]
κέδρος • (kédros) f (genitive κέδρου); second declension
Inflection[edit]
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ κέδρος hē kédros |
τὼ κέδρω tṑ kédrō |
αἱ κέδροι hai kédroi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς κέδρου tês kédrou |
τοῖν κέδροιν toîn kédroin |
τῶν κέδρων tôn kédrōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ κέδρῳ têi kédrōi |
τοῖν κέδροιν toîn kédroin |
ταῖς κέδροις taîs kédrois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν κέδρον tḕn kédron |
τὼ κέδρω tṑ kédrō |
τᾱ̀ς κέδρους tā̀s kédrous | ||||||||||
Vocative | κέδρε kédre |
κέδρω kédrō |
κέδροι kédroi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms[edit]
- κεδρέλαιον (kedrélaion)
- κεδρελάτη (kedrelátē)
- κεδρία (kedría)
- κέδρινος (kédrinos)
- κεδρίον (kedríon)
- κεδρίς (kedrís)
- κεδρίτης (kedrítēs)
- κεδρόμηλον (kedrómēlon)
- κέδρον (kédron)
- κεδροπαγής (kedropagḗs)
- κεδροχαρής (kedrokharḗs)
- κεδρόω (kedróō)
- κέδρωστις (kédrōstis)
- κεδρωτός (kedrōtós)
- ὀξύκεδρος (oxúkedros)
Descendants[edit]
- Greek: κέδρος (kédros)
- → Latin: cedrus (see there for further descendants)
- →? Latin: citrus (possibly, via Etruscan) (see there for further descendants)
Further reading[edit]
- “κέδρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κέδρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κέδρος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κέδρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κέδρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Blažek, Václav (2014), “Etymologizing ‘unetymologizable’ Greek dendronyms”, in Graeco-Latina Brunensia[2], volume 19, issue 1, page 44
- Lewy, Heinrich (1895) Die semitischen Fremdwörter im Griechischen (in German), Berlin: R. Gaertner’s Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 34
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Pre-Greek
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Pre-Greek
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension
- grc:Cypress family plants