κύων

Ancient Greek

ὁ ποιμενῐκὸς κῠ́ων. ὁ κύων ὑλακτεῖ· βαύ, βαύ.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ký.ɔːn/ → /ˈcy.on/ → /ˈci.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ký.ɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈky.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈcy.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈci.on/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”). Cognates include Latin canis, Sanskrit श्वन् (śván) and Old English hund (English hound). The final -ν (-n) in the nominative singular which was absent in *ḱwṓ was restored in Greek by analogy to other forms in the paradigm.

Noun

κῠ́ων • (kŭ́ōn) m or f (genitive κῠνός); third declension

1. a dog
2. a bitch
3. (derogatory) a bitch (used of women, to denote shamelessness or audacity)
4. an offensive person

Declension

Third declension of ὁ, ἡ κῠ́ων; τοῦ, τῆς κῠνός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ, ἡ κῠ́ων ho, hē kŭ́ōn	τὼ κῠ́νε tṑ kŭ́ne	οἱ, αἱ κῠ́νες hoi, hai kŭ́nes
Genitive	τοῦ, τῆς κῠνός toû, tês kŭnós	τοῖν κῠνοῖν toîn kŭnoîn	τῶν κῠνῶν tôn kŭnôn
Dative	τῷ, τῇ κῠνῐ́ tôi, têi kŭnĭ́	τοῖν κῠνοῖν toîn kŭnoîn	τοῖς, ταῖς κῠσῐ́ / κῠσῐ́ν / κῠ́νεσσῐ toîs, taîs kŭsĭ́ / kŭsĭ́n / kŭ́nessĭ
Accusative	τὸν, τὴν κῠ́νᾰ tòn, tḕn kŭ́nă	τὼ κῠ́νε tṑ kŭ́ne	τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς κῠ́νᾰς toùs, tā̀s kŭ́năs
Vocative	κῠ́ον / κῠ́ων kŭ́on / kŭ́ōn	κῠ́νε kŭ́ne	κῠ́νες kŭ́nes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κῠνάγχη (kŭnánkhē)
• κυνάς (kunás)
• κῠνέη (kŭnéē)
• κύνειος (kúneios)
• κύνεος (kúneos)
• κῠνίδιον (kŭnídion)
• κῠνικός (kŭnikós)
• κῠνόγλωσσον (kŭnóglōsson)
• κῠνοδέσμη (kŭnodésmē)
• κῠνόδους (kŭnódous)
• κῠνόμαζον (kŭnómazon)
• κυνόροδον (kunórodon)
• κυνοῦχος (kunoûkhos)
• κῠνοχᾰ́λκη (kŭnokhắlkē)
• κύντερος (kúnteros)
• κυνώπης (kunṓpēs)

Descendants

• Greek: κύων (kýon)
• Tsakonian: κούε (koúe)

Further reading

• “κύων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κύων”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κύων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κύων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• κύων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “κύων”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G2965 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bitch idem, page 80.
  • dog idem, page 246.
  • dog-star idem, page 246.
  • hound idem, page 408.
  • mastiff idem, page 517.
  • monster idem, page 539.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Participle

κύων • (kúōn) m (feminine κύουσᾰ, neuter κύον); first/third declension

1. present active participle of κύω (kúō)

Declension

First and third declension of κῠ́ων; κῠ́ουσᾰ; κῠ́ον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κῠ́ων kŭ́ōn	κῠ́ουσᾰ kŭ́ousă	κῠ́ον kŭ́on		κῠ́οντε kŭ́onte	κῠούσᾱ kŭoúsā	κῠ́οντε kŭ́onte		κῠ́οντες kŭ́ontes	κῠ́ουσαι kŭ́ousai	κῠ́οντᾰ kŭ́ontă
Genitive		κῠ́οντος kŭ́ontos	κῠούσης kŭoúsēs	κῠ́οντος kŭ́ontos		κῠόντοιν kŭóntoin	κῠούσαιν kŭoúsain	κῠόντοιν kŭóntoin		κῠόντων kŭóntōn	κῠουσῶν kŭousôn	κῠόντων kŭóntōn
Dative		κῠ́οντῐ kŭ́ontĭ	κῠούσῃ kŭoúsēi	κῠ́οντῐ kŭ́ontĭ		κῠόντοιν kŭóntoin	κῠούσαιν kŭoúsain	κῠόντοιν kŭóntoin		κῠ́ουσῐ / κῠ́ουσῐν kŭ́ousĭ(n)	κῠούσαις kŭoúsais	κῠ́ουσῐ / κῠ́ουσῐν kŭ́ousĭ(n)
Accusative		κῠ́οντᾰ kŭ́ontă	κῠ́ουσᾰν kŭ́ousăn	κῠ́ον kŭ́on		κῠ́οντε kŭ́onte	κῠούσᾱ kŭoúsā	κῠ́οντε kŭ́onte		κῠ́οντᾰς kŭ́ontăs	κῠούσᾱς kŭoúsās	κῠ́οντᾰ kŭ́ontă
Vocative		κῠ́ων kŭ́ōn	κῠ́ουσᾰ kŭ́ousă	κῠ́ον kŭ́on		κῠ́οντε kŭ́onte	κῠούσᾱ kŭoúsā	κῠ́οντε kŭ́onte		κῠ́οντες kŭ́ontes	κῠ́ουσαι kŭ́ousai	κῠ́οντᾰ kŭ́ontă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κῠόντως kŭóntōs				—				—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.