πηγή

See also: πυγή

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• πᾱγᾱ́ (pāgā́) — Doric

Etymology

Uncertain. Based on the common semantic association between “wells” and “cold”, perhaps related to πήγνῡμῐ (pḗgnūmĭ, “to stiffen; to freeze”), thus derived from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to coagulate; to attach”), but no strong evidence exists for this interpretation. Alternatively, possibly Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pɛː.ɡɛ̌ː/ → /piˈʝi/ → /piˈʝi/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pɛː.ɡɛ̌ː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pe̝ˈɡe̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /piˈʝi/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /piˈʝi/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /piˈʝi/

Noun

πηγή • (pēgḗ) f (genitive πηγῆς); first declension (often in the plural)

1. spring; well; fountain

   Synonyms: κρήνη (krḗnē), κρουνός (krounós), πῖδᾰξ (pîdăx), (Laconian) νόᾱ (nóā)

2. (in the plural) source of a river
3. vein (of a mineral)
4. source; origin; cause

Declension

First declension of ἡ πηγή; τῆς πηγῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ πηγή hē pēgḗ	τὼ πηγᾱ́ tṑ pēgā́	αἱ πηγαί hai pēgaí
Genitive	τῆς πηγῆς tês pēgês	τοῖν πηγαῖν toîn pēgaîn	τῶν πηγῶν tôn pēgôn
Dative	τῇ πηγῇ tēî pēgēî	τοῖν πηγαῖν toîn pēgaîn	ταῖς πηγαῖς taîs pēgaîs
Accusative	τὴν πηγήν tḕn pēgḗn	τὼ πηγᾱ́ tṑ pēgā́	τᾱ̀ς πηγᾱ́ς tā̀s pēgā́s
Vocative	πηγή pēgḗ	πηγᾱ́ pēgā́	πηγαί pēgaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• πηγαῖος (pēgaîos, “of or from a well”)

Descendants

• Greek: πηγή (pigí)

Further reading

• “πηγή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πηγή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πηγή”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• “πηγή” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• πηγή in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• G4077 in Strong, James (1979), Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • beginning idem, page 71.
  • brook idem, page 101.
  • cause idem, page 118.
  • commencement idem, page 147.
  • element idem, page 265.
  • flood idem, page 329.
  • fountain idem, page 341.
  • origin idem, page 579.
  • root idem, page 721.
  • seed idem, page 749.
  • shower idem, page 770.
  • source idem, page 797.
  • spring idem, page 805.
  • starting point idem, page 812.
  • stream idem, page 824.
  • tear idem, page 859.
  • vein idem, page 946.
• πηγή, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πηγή (pēgḗ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /piˈʝi/
• Hyphenation: πη‧γή
• Homophone: πυγή (pygí, “buttocks”)

Noun

πηγή • (pigí) f (plural πηγές)

1. source, origin (person, place, thing)

   πλουτοπαραγωγικές πηγές ― ploutoparagogikés pigés ― sources of wealth

2. water source, spring

   Tο ποτάμι έχει τις πηγές του στο βουνό.

   To potámi échei tis pigés tou sto vounó.

   The river has its source in the mountains.

Declension

Declension of πηγή

	singular	plural
nominative	πηγή (pigí)	πηγές (pigés)
genitive	πηγής (pigís)	πηγών (pigón)
accusative	πηγή (pigí)	πηγές (pigés)
vocative	πηγή (pigí)	πηγές (pigés)

Synonyms

• (water source): ανάβρα f (anávra)
• (water source): βρυσομάνα f (vrysomána)
• (water source): κεφαλάρι n (kefalári)
• (water source): κεφαλόβρυσο n (kefalóvryso)
• (water source): νερομάνα f (neromána)

Derived terms

• θερμές πηγές pl f (thermés pigés, “hot springs”)
• ιαματικές πηγές pl f (iamatikés pigés, “thermal springs”)

Related terms

• πηγάδι n (pigádi, “well”)
• πηγαίος (pigaíos, “of or from a well”, adjective)

Further reading

• πηγή, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language