πῆμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hurt”) (compare Latin patior (“to suffer”), Sanskrit पीयति (pīyati, “to blame”), Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fijan, “to hate”)) + -μα (-ma)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pɛ̂ː.ma/ → /ˈpi.ma/ → /ˈpi.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pɛ̂ː.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpe̝.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ma/

Noun

πῆμα • (pêma) n (genitive πήμᾰτος); third declension

1. (poetic) misery

Declension

Third declension of τὸ πῆμᾰ; τοῦ πήμᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πῆμᾰ tò pêma	τὼ πήμᾰτε tṑ pḗmate	τᾰ̀ πήμᾰτᾰ tà pḗmata
Genitive	τοῦ πήμᾰτος toû pḗmatos	τοῖν πημᾰ́τοιν toîn pēmátoin	τῶν πημᾰ́των tôn pēmátōn
Dative	τῷ πήμᾰτῐ tôi pḗmati	τοῖν πημᾰ́τοιν toîn pēmátoin	τοῖς πήμᾰσῐ / πήμᾰσῐν toîs pḗmasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ πῆμᾰ tò pêma	τὼ πήμᾰτε tṑ pḗmate	τᾰ̀ πήμᾰτᾰ tà pḗmata
Vocative	πῆμᾰ pêma	πήμᾰτε pḗmate	πήμᾰτᾰ pḗmata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• πημονή f (pēmonḗ)
• πημοσύνη f (pēmosúnē)

Related terms

• ᾰ̓νᾰπηρῐ́ᾱ f (anapēríā, “lameness”)
• ᾰ̓νᾰπηρόβιος (anapēróbios, “with maimed life”)
• ᾰ̓νᾰπηρόομαι, ἀναπηροῦμαι (anapēróomai, anapēroûmai, “be maimed”)
• ᾰ̓νᾰ́πηρος (anápēros, “crippled”)
• ἀπήμων (apḗmōn, “unhurt, unharmed; not harmful”), ἀπήμαντος (apḗmantos)
• ἄπηρος (ápēros, “not wounded, unharmed”), ἀπηρής (apērḗs)
• πημαίνομαι (pēmaínomai, “violate oaths”)
• πημαίνω (pēmaínō, “plunge into ruin, grieve”)
• πημαντέος (pēmantéos, “deserving to be injured”)
• πημονή f (pēmonḗ, “πῆμα”)
• πημοσύνη f (pēmosúnē, “πημονή”)
• πήμων (pḗmōn, “extremely harmful”)
• πηρός (pērós, “disabled”)
• μνησῐπήμων (mnēsipḗmōn, “reminding of misery”)

Further reading

• “πῆμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • adversity idem, page 15.
  • affliction idem, page 17.
  • anguish idem, page 29.
  • bane idem, page 61.
  • distress idem, page 242.
  • grief idem, page 373.
  • harm idem, page 386.
  • heaviness idem, page 393.
  • hurt idem, page 411.
  • ill idem, page 414.
  • infliction idem, page 438.
  • lamentation idem, page 474.
  • melancholy idem, page 524.
  • mischief idem, page 533.
  • misery idem, page 534.
  • misfortune idem, page 534.
  • mournfulness idem, page 544.
  • pain idem, page 588.
  • pest idem, page 609.
  • plague idem, page 616.
  • ruin idem, page 725.
  • sadness idem, page 730.
  • scourge idem, page 741.
  • sorrow idem, page 795.
  • torment idem, page 881.
  • trouble idem, page 897.
  • unhappiness idem, page 920.