σάββατον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Borrowing from Hebrew שבת‏ (šabbāṯ, “sabbath”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sáb.baː.ton/ → /ˈsaβ.βa.ton/ → /ˈsa.va.ton/

• (5^th BC Attic) IPA^(key): /sáb.baː.ton/
• (1^st BC Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsab.ba.ton/
• (4^th AD Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsaβ.βa.ton/
• (10^th AD Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsav.va.ton/
• (15^th AD Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.va.ton/

Noun

σάββᾱτον • (sábbāton) n (genitive σαββάτου); second declension

1. Sabbath

Inflection

Second declension of σάββᾱτον, σαββάτου

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σάββᾱτον	τὼ σαββάτω	τὰ σάββᾱτᾰ
Genitive	τοῦ σαββάτου	τοῖν σαββάτοιν	τῶν σαββάτων
Dative	τῷ σαββάτῳ	τοῖν σαββάτοιν	τοῖς σαββάτοις / σάββᾱσῐν
Accusative	τὸ σάββᾱτον	τὼ σαββάτω	τὰ σάββᾱτᾰ
Vocative	σάββᾱτον	σαββάτω	σάββᾱτᾰ
Dialectal forms:
Notes:

Descendants

• → Coptic: ⲥⲁⲃⲃⲁⲧⲟⲛ (sabbaton)
• → Esperanto: sabato
  • Ido: sabato
• Greek: Σάββατο (Sávvato)

• → Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌱𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉 (sabbatō), *𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉 (*sambatō)
  • → Old High German: sambaztag
    • Middle High German: sameztac, samztac
      • German: Samstag
• → Latin: sabbatum (see there for further descendants)

References

• σάββατον in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• «σάββατον» in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• “G4521”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979