σάββατον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Borrowed from Hebrew שַׁבָּת (šabbāṯ, “sabbath”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈsaβ.βa.ton/ → /ˈsa.va.ton/

• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈsab.ba.ton/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈsaβ.βa.ton/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈsav.va.ton/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.va.ton/

Noun

σάββατον • (sábbaton) n (genitive σαββάτου); second declension

1. Sabbath

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ σάββατον; τοῦ σαββάτου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σάββατον tò sábbaton	τᾰ̀ σάββατᾰ tà sábbata
Genitive	τοῦ σαββάτου toû sabbátou	τῶν σαββάτων tôn sabbátōn
Dative	τῷ σαββάτῳ tôi sabbátōi	τοῖς σάββασῐ / σάββασῐν / σαββάτοις toîs sábbasi(n) / sabbátois
Accusative	τὸ σάββατον tò sábbaton	τᾰ̀ σάββατᾰ tà sábbata
Vocative	σάββατον sábbaton	σάββατᾰ sábbata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: Σάββατο (Sávvato)
• → Coptic: ⲥⲁⲃⲃⲁⲧⲟⲛ (sabbaton)
• → Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌱𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉 (sabbatō), *𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍉 (*sambatō) (via early Byzantine σάμβατον (sámbaton)) (see there for further descendants)
• → Latin: sabbatum (see there for further descendants)
• → Old Armenian: սաբատ (sabat), սաբբատ (sabbat)

Further reading

• “Σάββατον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σάββατον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G4521 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible