συγκρητισμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From συγκρητίζω (sunkrētízō) +‎ -μός (-mós), or possibly from συν- (sun-) +‎ Κρῆτες (Krêtes, “Cretans”) +‎ -ισμός (-ismós, “-ism”) if the verb is a back-formation. First appears in Plutarch's Moralia.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /syŋ.krɛː.tiz.mós/ → /syŋ.ɡri.tizˈmos/ → /siŋ.ɡri.tizˈmos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /syŋ.krɛː.tiz.mós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /syŋ.kre̝.tizˈmos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /syŋ.ɡri.tizˈmos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /syŋ.ɡri.tizˈmos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /siŋ.ɡri.tizˈmos/

Noun

συγκρητισμός • (sunkrētismós) m (genitive συγκρητισμοῦ); second declension

1. the federation of Cretan cities
2. setting aside one's differences to form an alliance
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, On Brotherly Love 2.490b:

     ...μιμούμενον αὐτὸ γοῦν τοῦτο τὸ Κρητῶν, οἳ πολλάκις στασιάζοντες ἀλλήλοις καὶ πολεμοῦντες, ἔξωθεν ἐπιόντων πολεμίων διελύοντο καὶ συνίσταντο· καὶ τοῦτ' ἦν ὁ καλούμενος ὑπ' αὐτῶν "συνκρητισμός".

     ...mimoúmenon autò goûn toûto tò Krētôn, hoì pollákis stasiázontes allḗlois kaì polemoûntes, éxōthen epióntōn polemíōn dielúonto kaì sunístanto; kaì toût' ên ho kaloúmenos hup' autôn "sunkrētismós".

     ...imitating in this point, at least, the practice of Cretans, who, though they often quarreled with and warred against each other, made up their differences and united when outside enemies attacked; and this it was which they called "syncretism."

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ συγκρητισμός; τοῦ συγκρητισμοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ συγκρητισμός ho sunkrētismós	τὼ συγκρητισμώ tṑ sunkrētismṓ	οἱ συγκρητισμοί hoi sunkrētismoí
Genitive	τοῦ συγκρητισμοῦ toû sunkrētismoû	τοῖν συγκρητισμοῖν toîn sunkrētismoîn	τῶν συγκρητισμῶν tôn sunkrētismôn
Dative	τῷ συγκρητισμῷ tôi sunkrētismôi	τοῖν συγκρητισμοῖν toîn sunkrētismoîn	τοῖς συγκρητισμοῖς toîs sunkrētismoîs
Accusative	τὸν συγκρητισμόν tòn sunkrētismón	τὼ συγκρητισμώ tṑ sunkrētismṓ	τοὺς συγκρητισμούς toùs sunkrētismoús
Vocative	συγκρητισμέ sunkrētismé	συγκρητισμώ sunkrētismṓ	συγκρητισμοί sunkrētismoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → English: syncretism
• → French: syncrétisme

Further reading

• “συγκρητισμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press