артишок

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɐrtiˈʃɔk]
Audio: (file)

Noun

артишо́к • (artišók) m

artichoke

Declension

Declension of артишо́к
	singular	plural
indefinite	артишо́к artišók	артишо́ци artišóci
definite (subject form)	артишо́кът artišókǎt	артишо́ците artišócite
definite (object form)	артишо́ка artišóka	артишо́ците artišócite
count form	—	артишо́ка artišóka

References

“артишок”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
“артишок”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Russian

Etymology

From Northern Italian articiocco, from Provençal archichaut, arquichaut, from Old Spanish alcarchofa, from Andalusian Arabic الْخَرْشُوف (al-ḵaršūf), from Arabic الْخُرْشُوف (al-ḵuršūf).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɐrtʲɪˈʂok]
Audio: (file)

Noun

артишо́к • (artišók) m inan (genitive артишо́ка, nominative plural артишо́ки, genitive plural артишо́ков, relational adjective артишо́ковый or артишо́чный)

artichoke
- 1816, Василий Лёвшин [Vasily Lyovshin], “Заготовление огородных произведений конфированием и солением. Артишоки. Артишоки солить целыми”, in Русская поварня; English translation from (Please provide a date or year):
  Когда́ нет артишо́ков сто́лько, чтоб напо́лнить бочо́нок, то мо́жно артишо́ки покла́сть таки́м же о́бразом в горшо́к, нали́ть рассо́ла сто́лько, чтоб артишо́ки покры́ло, зали́ть све́рху коро́вьим ма́слом, и пото́м завяза́ть с бума́гою. — Солёные артишо́ки для употребле́ния надлежи́т выма́чивать.
  Kogdá net artišókov stólʹko, štob napólnitʹ bočónok, to móžno artišóki poklástʹ takím že óbrazom v goršók, nalítʹ rassóla stólʹko, štob artišóki pokrýlo, zalítʹ svérxu koróvʹim máslom, i potóm zavjazátʹ s bumágoju. — Soljónyje artišóki dlja upotreblénija nadležít vymáčivatʹ.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1952, “Овощи и грибы. Ревень, спаржа, артишоки”, in Книга о вкусной и здоровой пище, Москва: Пищепромиздат; English translation from The Book of Tasty and Healthy Food, (Please provide a date or year):
  Спа́ржа и артишо́ки – огоро́дные о́вощи десе́ртного ти́па.
  Spárža i artišóki – ogoródnyje óvošči desértnovo típa.
  Asparagus and artichokes are garden vegetables of dessert kind.

Declension

Declension of артишо́к (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	артишо́к artišók	артишо́ки artišóki
genitive	артишо́ка artišóka	артишо́ков artišókov
dative	артишо́ку artišóku	артишо́кам artišókam
accusative	артишо́к artišók	артишо́ки artišóki
instrumental	артишо́ком artišókom	артишо́ками artišókami
prepositional	артишо́ке artišóke	артишо́ках artišókax

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: artişok
→ Georgian: არტიშოკი (arṭišoḳi)
→ Uzbek: artishok
→ Yiddish: אַרטישאָק (artishok)

References

^ Elcock, W. D. (1960) The Romance Languages‎^[1], page 282: "Borrowed directly from the Qairawān–Sicily region, without the article, the same Arabic word appears in Italian as carciofo; the Spanish form penetrated, however, into Provence, where it became archichaut, arquichaut, and thence into northern Italy as articiocco".
^ “alcachofa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Ukrainian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɐrteˈʃɔk]
Audio: (file)

Noun

артишо́к • (artyšók) m inan (genitive артишо́ку, nominative plural артишо́ки, genitive plural артишо́ків)

artichoke

Declension

Declension of *артишо́к*
(inan velar masc-form accent-a)
	singular	plural
nominative	артишо́к artyšók	артишо́ки artyšóky
genitive	артишо́ку artyšóku	артишо́ків artyšókiv
dative	артишо́кові, артишо́ку artyšókovi, artyšóku	артишо́кам artyšókam
accusative	артишо́к artyšók	артишо́ки artyšóky
instrumental	артишо́ком artyšókom	артишо́ками artyšókamy
locative	артишо́ку artyšóku	артишо́ках artyšókax
vocative	артишо́ку artyšóku	артишо́ки artyšóky

References

Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “артишок”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
“артишок”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

[1] Elcock, W. D. (1960) The Romance Languages‎^[1], page 282: "Borrowed directly from the Qairawān–Sicily region, without the article, the same Arabic word appears in Italian as carciofo; the Spanish form penetrated, however, into Provence, where it became archichaut, arquichaut, and thence into northern Italy as articiocco".

[2] “alcachofa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

[1]

[2]