брюки

Russian

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch broek. First attested in the eighteenth century, but became more popular a hundred years later. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brōks, whence also English breeches, whence a doublet бри́джи (brídži). Further from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (whence also English break, Latin frangō).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbrʲʉkʲɪ]

• Audio:

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• Audio (Saint Petersburg):

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Noun

брю́ки • (brjúki) f inan pl (genitive брюк, plural only, relational adjective брю́чный, diminutive брю́чки)

1. pants, trousers

   Synonym: штаны́ m pl (štaný)

   • 1973, Михаил Булгаков [Mikhail Bulgakov], “Глава VII. Нехорошая квартирка”, in Мастер и Маргарита; English translation from Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky, transl., Master and Margarita, London: Penguin Books, 1997:

     Пошевели́в па́льцами ног, Стёпа догада́лся, что лежи́т в носка́х, трясу́щейся руко́ю провёл по бедру́, что́бы определи́ть, в брю́ках он и́ли нет, и не определи́л.

     Poševelív pálʹcami nog, Stjópa dogadálsja, što ležít v noskáx, trjasúščejsja rukóju provjól po bedrú, štóby opredelítʹ, v brjúkax on íli net, i ne opredelíl.

     Moving his toes, Styopa realized that he was lying there in his socks, passed his trembling hand down his hip to determine whether he had his trousers on or not, but failed.

Declension

Declension of брю́ки (inan pl-only fem-form velar-stem accent-a) 

	plural
nominative	брю́ки brjúki
genitive	брю́к brjúk
dative	брю́кам brjúkam
accusative	брю́ки brjúki
instrumental	брю́ками brjúkami
prepositional	брю́ках brjúkax

Pre-reform declension of брю́ки (inan pl-only fem-form velar-stem accent-a) 

	plural
nominative	брю́ки brjúki
genitive	брю́къ brjúk
dative	брю́камъ brjúkam
accusative	брю́ки brjúki
instrumental	брю́ками brjúkami
prepositional	брю́кахъ brjúkax

Meronyms

• брю́чина f (brjúčina, “trouser leg”)

Derived terms

• брю́чина f (brjúčina)
• ру́ки в брю́ки (rúki v brjúki)

Related terms

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brōks:

• бри́джи m pl (brídži)

Ultimately from Latin frangō:

• фрагме́нт m (fragmént)
• фра́кция f (frákcija), рефра́кция f (refrákcija)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “брюки”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “брюки”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 115
• Shansky, N. M. (1965), “брюки”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, number 2 (Б), Moscow: Moscow University Press, page 206
• Krylov, G. A. (2004), “брюки”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Victory, →ISBN
• Anikin, A. E. (2011), “брюки”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 4 (боле – бтарь), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 310

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “брюки”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.