грях

See also: грах

Bulgarian

Alternative forms

• грѣхъ (grěh) — Pre-reform orthography (1945)
• грех (greh) — Western dialects

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡrʲa̟x]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ax

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *grěxъ

Old Church Slavonic грѣхъ (grěxŭ)

Bulgarian грях

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic грѣхъ (grěxŭ), from Proto-Slavic *grěxъ. The derivation from the nucleus of the words грея and горя is highly possible.

Noun

грях • (grjah) m

1. (ethics, uncountable) vice, corruption, moral degradation

   ня́кому тежи́ грях на душа́та ― njákomu teží grjah na dušáta ― to feel guilt, remorse (literally, “vice weights on s.o.'s soul”)

   вка́рвам в грях ― vkárvam v grjah ― to corrupt (literally, “to drive into vice”)

   вли́зам в грях ― vlízam v grjah ― to trespass (literally, “to enter into vice”)

2. (colloquial) wrongdoing, trespass, transgression

   сто́рвам грях ― stórvam grjah ― to commit [general] wrongdoing

Etymology 2

Semantic loan from Ancient Greek ἁμαρτία (hamartía, “error, mistake; guilt, sin”), ἁμαρτάνω (hamartánō, “to miss; to fail, sin”), Latin peccāre (“to trip, stumble; to transgress”), or peccātum (“error, mistake, deficiency; sin”).

Noun

грях • (grjah) m

1. (theology, countable) sin, violation of sacred norms or laws

   първоро́ден грях ― părvoróden grjah ― original sin

   смъ́ртен грях ― smắrten grjah ― deadly sin

Declension

Declension of грях

	singular	plural
indefinite	грях grjah	грехове́ grehové
definite (subject form)	грехъ́т grehắt	грехове́те grehovéte
definite (object form)	греха́ grehá
count form	—	гря́ха grjáha

Derived terms

verbs

• греша́ (grešá) (causative)
• грешу́вам (grešúvam) (iterative)

nouns

• грехота́ (grehotá) (abstract noun)
• гре́шка (gréška) (diminutive)

adjectives

• грехо́вен (grehóven)
• гре́шен (gréšen)

References

• “грях”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “грях”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• “грях”, in БЕРОН (Български езикови ресурси онлайн) [BERON (Bulgarian Language Resources Online)] (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2024
• Nayden Gerov (1895), “грѣхъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 256
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “грях”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 290
• “грѣхъ”, in Старобългарски речник [Dictionary of Old Bulgarian] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2026