костур

See also: Костур

Bulgarian

риба костур

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [koˈstur]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ur
• Syllabification^(key): ко‧стур
• Hyphenation^(key): кос‧тур

Etymology 1

In view of alternative forms, probably secondary from adjective Proto-Slavic *kostrъ / *kostьrъ (“prickly, bristly”), possibly cognate with Etymologies 2 and 3. Akin to Russian кoстёр (kostjór, “type of sturgeon”).

Compare typologically Proto-Germanic *barsaz (whence English bass, barse) < Proto-Indo-European *bʰórsos (“pointy, prickly”) < *bʰers- (“top, point”). Also compare Latvian asaris << Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-.

Noun

косту́р • (kostúr) m (diminutive косту́рче)

1. perch, bass (freshwater fish of family Percidae)

Declension

Declension of косту́р

	singular	plural
indefinite	косту́р kostúr	косту́ри kostúri
definite (subject form)	косту́рът kostúrǎt	косту́рите kostúrite
definite (object form)	косту́ра kostúra
count form	—	косту́ра kostúra

Related terms

• костра́к (kostrák), ко́стреж (kóstrež) (secondary variants)
• косту́ряче (kostúrjače, “runner bean”) (colloquial)
• кощря́ва (koštrjáva, “bristle grass”)

References

• “костур¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “костур”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “костур”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 666

Etymology 2

See titular lemma.

Noun

косту́р • (kostúr) m (dialectal)

1. alternative form of косту́ра (kostúra): pocketknife

References

• “костур²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “костур, костура”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 666

Etymology 3

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosturъ. By surface analysis, кост (kost, “bone”) +‎ -ур (-ur).

Noun

косту́р • (kostúr) m (diminutive косту́рче)

1. (obsolete) skeleton, bony frame

   Synonym: (standard) ске́лет (skélet)

Declension

Declension of косту́р

	singular	plural
indefinite	косту́р kostúr	косту́ри kostúri
definite (subject form)	косту́рът kostúrǎt	косту́рите kostúrite
definite (object form)	косту́ра kostúra
count form	—	косту́ра kostúra

References

• “костур³”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Nayden Gerov (1897), “костуръ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 402

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosturъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɔstur]
• Hyphenation: кос‧тур

Noun

костур • (kostur) m (plural костури, diminutive костурче, augmentative костуриште)

1. (anatomy) skeleton
2. (colloquial, figurative) skin and bones
3. (by extension) framework, shell, frame

Declension

Declension of костур

	singular	plural
indefinite	костур (kostur)	костури (kosturi)
definite unspecified	костурот (kosturot)	костурите (kosturite)
definite proximal	костуров (kosturov)	костуриве (kosturive)
definite distal	костурон (kosturon)	костурине (kosturine)
vocative	костуре (kosture)	костури (kosturi)
count form	—	костура (kostura)

Derived terms

• костурест (kosturest)
• костурница f (kosturnica)

Related terms

• коска f (koska)
• раскости pf (raskosti), раскостува impf (raskostuva)

References

• “костур” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosturъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kôstuːr/

Noun

ко̏стӯр m inan (Latin spelling kȍstūr)

1. (anatomy) skeleton
2. (by extension) framework, shell, frame

Declension

Declension of костур

	singular	plural
nominative	костур	костури
genitive	костура	костура
dative	костуру	костурима
accusative	костур	костуре
vocative	костуре	костури
locative	костуру	костурима
instrumental	костуром	костурима

Further reading

• “костур”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025