Տիր

See also: տիր

Old Armenian

Etymology

An Iranian borrowing. Compare Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (tyl /⁠Tīr⁠/), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫤𐫏𐫡 (tyr /⁠Tīr⁠/, “a god (confused with Tištar); Mercury; 4th month; 13th day”), Persian تیر (tir).

Proper noun

Տիր • (Tir)

1. (Armenian mythology) Tir (scribe/writer god)
   • 5th century, Agatʿangełos, Patmutʿiwn Hayocʿ [History of the Armenians] 778:

     Նախ դիպեալ ի ճանապարհի երազացոյց երազահան պաշտաման Տրի դից (var. Տիւր դից?), դպրի գիտութեան քրմաց, անուանեալ Դիւան գրչի Որմզդի, ուսման ճարտարութեան մեհեան

     Nax dipeal i čanaparhi erazacʻoycʻ erazahan paštaman Tri dicʻ (var. Tiwr dicʻ?), dpri gitutʻean kʻrmacʻ, anuaneal Diwan grčʻi Ormzdi, usman čartarutʻean mehean

     • Translation by R. W. Thomson

       On the road he first came across the shrine of the god Tir, the interpreter of dreams, the scribe of pagan learning, who was called the secretary of Ormizd, a temple of learned instruction.

Usage notes

According to Thomson, the spelling Տիւր (Tiwr) found in some publications of Agatʻangełos has no manuscript authority. The original form Տիր (Tir) is corroborated by the etymology and by the transliteration of Տրի դից (Tri dicʻ) as Τρίδις (Trídis) in the Greek version of Agatʻangełos.

Declension

i-a-type or i-type

	singular (uncountable)
nominative	Տիր (Tir)
genitive	Տրի (Tri)
dative	Տրի (Tri)
accusative	Տիր (Tir)
ablative	Տրէ (Trē)
instrumental	?
locative	Տրի (Tri)
the instrumental singular is not attested, which does not allow determining whether the word followed an i-type or an i-a-type declension

Related terms

• տրէ (trē)
• Տիրան (Tiran)
• Տրդատ (Trdat)

Descendants

• → Armenian: Տիր (Tir)

Further reading

• Տիր on the Armenian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^hy
• Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 308
• Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1962) “Տիւր”, in Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: University Press, page 169
• Ananikian, Mardiros H. (1925) “Armenian Mythology”, in Canon John Arnott MacCulloch and George Foot Moore, editors, The Mythology of All Races (in 13 vols.); volume 7, Boston: Marshall Jones Company, pages 29–33
• Eilers, Wilhelm (1976) Sinn und Herkunft der Planetennamen (Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften: Philosophisch-historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte; 1975.5)‎^[2] (in German), Munich: Verl. der Bayerischen Akad. der Wiss., pages 43–50
• Émin, M. (1864) M. A. de Stadler, transl., Recherches sur le paganisme arménien (in French), Paris: Vve Benjamin Duprat, pages 18–20
• Gelzer, H. (1896) “Zur armenischen Götterlehre”, in Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Königlich sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig‎^[3] (in German), volume 48, pages 109–110
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎^[4] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 579, 581, 582
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1992) “Lezvakan nor tvyalner hayocʻ naxakʻristoneakan kroni ew havatalikʻneri masin [New Linguistic Data on Pre-Christian Religion and Beliefs of the Armenians]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal]‎^[5] (in Armenian), number 1, page 26
• Justi, Ferdinand (1895) Iranisches Namenbuch‎^[6] (in German), Marburg: N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 325
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2019) “Traces of Indo-European ‘Father Sky, God’ in Armenian”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, pages 196–197
• Petrosyan, Armen (2015) Problems of Armenian Prehistory. Myth, Language, History, Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 96–98
• Russell, James R. (1986) “Armenia and Iran iii. Armenian Religion”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York
• Russell, James R. (1987) Zoroastrianism in Armenia (Harvard Iranian Series; 5), Cambridge: Harvard University Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations and National Association for Armenian Studies and Research, pages 289–321
• Taġawarean, Nazarētʻ (1909) Hayocʻ hin krōnnerə [The Ancient Religions of the Armenians] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Constantinople: K. Mattʻēosean Press, pages 73–75
• Thomson, R. W. (1976) Agathangelos, History of the Armenians‎^[7], Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pages 483 and Introduction lxi