եմ
Armenian
Alternative forms
- յեմ (yem) — 1922–1940 reformed orthography (following a vowel)
Etymology
From Old Armenian եմ (em).
Pronunciation
Verb
եմ • (em)
- I am
- Ես հայ եմ։ ― Es hay em. ― I am an Armenian.
- Ես հայ չեմ։ ― Es hay čʻem. ― I am not an Armenian.
- Ես գիրքը կարդալու եմ։ ― Es girkʻə kardalu em. ― I will read the book.
Conjugation
defective conjugation (Eastern Armenian)
defective negative conjugation (Eastern Armenian)
singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
present | չեմ (čʻem) | չես (čʻes) | չէ (čʻē), չի (čʻi)* | չենք (čʻenkʻ) | չեք (čʻekʻ) | չեն (čʻen) |
imperfective | չէի (čʻēi) | չէիր (čʻēir) | չէր (čʻēr) | չէինք (čʻēinkʻ) | չէիք (čʻēikʻ) | չէին (čʻēin) |
*colloquial More complex tenses are formed with the verb չլինել (čʻlinel) |
Synonyms
- լինել (linel)
Old Armenian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi. See also ես (es), է (ē), են (en).
Verb
եմ • (em)
- to be
- է զի, էր զի, է ուրեք, է երբէք զի ... ― ē zi, ēr zi, ē urekʻ, ē erbēkʻ zi ... ― sometimes; it happens, it turns out
- ես եմ Աստուած՝ որ Էն ― es em Astuac, or Ēn ― I am that I am
- ես եմ՝ ես եմ նոյն որ ջնջեմ ― es em, es em noyn or ǰnǰem ― I am, it is I, it is I who blot out and pardon
- առն միոջ էին երկու որդիք ― aṙn mioǰ ēin erku ordikʻ ― a certain man had two sons
- էր ամաց երկոտասանից ― ēr amacʻ erkotasanicʻ ― he was twelve years old
- յուտել եմ ― yutel em ― l am eating
- է զի, է երբեմն, է ուրէք, էր զի ― ē zi, ē erbemn, ē urēkʻ, ēr zi ― sometimes; now and then
- է որ, են որ ― ē or, en or ― some, some one; one ... and the other; some ... others; some... some; sometimes
- ողջ ե՛ր ― ołǰ ér ― live, fare thee well!
- են նորա երկու որդիք ― en nora erku ordikʻ ― he has two sons
- իցեն այսոքիկ որպէս եւ են ― icʻen aysokʻik orpēs ew en ― whatever it may be
Conjugation
active
infinitive | — | participle | — | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
causative | — | aorist stem | - | ||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
present | եմ (em) | ես (es) | է (ē) | եմք (emkʻ) | էք (ēkʻ) | են (en) | |
imperfect | էի, եի* ( ēi, ei*) | էիր, եիր* ( ēir, eir*) | էր (ēr) | էաք, եաք* ( ēakʻ, eakʻ*) | էիք, եիք* ( ēikʻ, eikʻ*) | էին, եին* ( ēin, ein*) | |
aorist | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
present | իցեմ (icʻem) | իցես (icʻes) | իցէ (icʻē) | իցեմք (icʻemkʻ) | իցէք (icʻēkʻ) | իցեն (icʻen) | |
aorist | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
imperative | — | ե՛ր (ér) | — | — | է՛ք, երո՛ւք (ḗkʻ, erúkʻ) | — | |
cohortative | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
prohibitive | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
*rare the verb is defective subjunctive aorist իցէի (icʻēi) and an infinitive ել (el) are attested from the Hellenizing and Latinizing schools |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Armenian: եմ (em)
References
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “եմ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “եմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “եմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
Categories:
- Armenian terms inherited from Old Armenian
- Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian
- Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Armenian terms with audio links
- Armenian lemmas
- Armenian verbs
- Armenian terms with usage examples
- Armenian defective verbs
- Old Armenian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Armenian lemmas
- Old Armenian verbs
- Old Armenian terms with usage examples
- Old Armenian defective verbs