երախայ

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Old Armenian

Alternative forms

Etymology

According to Ačaṙyan, the original meaning is an “unbaptized person”; it was used for both children and grown-ups. Later, as it became customary to be baptized in childhood, the word received the sense of a “child”.[1] For the origin he compares Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (lsyk'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (lhyk'), 𐫡𐫍𐫏𐫃 (rhyg /⁠rahīg⁠/), Parthian 𐫡𐫍𐫏𐫃 (rhyg /⁠rahīg⁠/, child; page, servant), and because these cannot account for Armenian, assumes origin from a hypothetical Classical Syriac *raxā, from which both Armenian and Iranian are borrowed.[1] According to him, the spelling երեխայ (erexay) arose due to the assimilation to the first vowel.[1] Ačaṙyan does not elaborate on the meaning and origin of Classical Syriac *raxā. It should probably be identified with the Semitic etymon of Ancient Greek ῥακά (rhaká), ῥαχά (rhakhá), ῥαχᾶς (rhakhâs), Old Armenian ռակայ (ṙakay, idiot, fool): compare Aramaic רֵיקָא (rēqā, worthless person; profane), Classical Syriac ܪܝܩܐ (rēqā, vain thing),[2] Hebrew רֵיק (rēq, empty; vain; worthless). The connection with ռակայ (ṙakay) was made already by Hiwnkʿearpēyēntean.[3] Old Armenian սրիկայ (srikay) is ultimately borrowed from the same Semitic root. Basil describes Ancient Greek ῥακά (rhaká) as "a vernacular word of mild abuse used in the family circle".[4] For the sense development ‘fool’ → ‘child’ see խոխա (xoxa). Alternatively, the sense development is ‘worthless person’ → ‘profane person’ → ‘unbaptized person’ → ‘child’. For the alternation երախայ (eraxay) ~ երեխայ (erexay), compare Ancient Greek ῥαχά (rhakhá) ~ Aramaic רֵיקָא (rēqā).

Iranian rahīg is probably unrelated and rather belongs under Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrátʰas (chariot).[5]

In the above etymologies it is assumed that ե- (e-) is a prothetic vowel added to words starting with ր- (r-), as in եղբայր (ełbayr), երագ (erag), երակ (erak), երախ (erax), երասան (erasan).

See also Արախա (Araxa).

Noun

երախայ (eraxay)

  1. (Christianity) unbaptized person; catechumen
  2. newborn child; child that cannot yet speak

Declension

Adjective

երախայ (eraxay)

  1. child- or simple-minded, silly

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Armenian: երեխա (erexa), խոխա (xoxa) (possibly)

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “երախայ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 36ab
  2. ^ ryq”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  3. ^ Hiwnkʻearpēyēntean, Yovhannēs (1894) “երախայ”, in Stugabanakan baṙaran hayocʻ lezui [Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Language]‎[1] (in Armenian), Constantinople: G. Paġtatlean Press, page 214a
  4. ^ Moulton, James Hope, Milligan, George (1914–1929) “ῥακά”, in The Vocabulary of the Greek Testament. Illustrated from the Papyri and other Non-Literary Sources, London: Hodder and Stoughton, page 562b
  5. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[2] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 429

Further reading