խենէշ

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Old Armenian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

The origin is unknown.

Adjective[edit]

խենէշ • (xenēš)

  1. effeminate, weak; dissolute, debauched, wanton
    • second half of 5th century or 6th century, Girkʿ Pitoyicʿ [Book of Chries] :[1]
      Որք ամենեւին զխենէշ վատասրտութիւնն արտաքոյ յիւրեանց վարեալ հալածեցին սահմանաց […]
      Orkʻ amenewin zxenēš vatasrtutʻiwnn artakʻoy yiwreancʻ vareal halacecʻin sahmanacʻ […]
    • second half of 5th century or 6th century, Girkʿ Pitoyicʿ [Book of Chries] :[2]
      Իսկ եթէ որք դիւցազանցն նմանեալք, այսգունակ բոլոր ասացեալ բարութեամբք յօրանան առձեռնպատրաստ, ապա անարեացն եւ ամենեւին խենէշ լքելոցն զի՞նչ ինչ ոչ բիւրապատիկ աղիտիցն վերաբերիցին թշուառութիւնք։
      Isk etʻē orkʻ diwcʻazancʻn nmanealkʻ, aysgunak bolor asacʻeal barutʻeambkʻ yōranan aṙjeṙnpatrast, apa anareacʻn ew amenewin xenēš lkʻelocʻn zi?nčʻ inčʻ očʻ biwrapatik ałiticʻn verabericʻin tʻšuaṙutʻiwnkʻ.
    • second half of 5th century or 6th century, Girkʿ Pitoyicʿ [Book of Chries] :[3]
      Իսկ ոյք անվարժութեամբն դերեւանան, եւ անարի խենէշ տաղտկութեամբք զգածեալք լինին յամենայն վայելչական իրաց մերկք եւ կողոպուտք լինելով՝ զվերջին թշուառութեանցն ամբարեն կորուստ։
      Isk oykʻ anvaržutʻeambn derewanan, ew anari xenēš tałtkutʻeambkʻ zgacealkʻ linin yamenayn vayelčʻakan iracʻ merkkʻ ew kołoputkʻ linelov, zverǰin tʻšuaṙutʻeancʻn ambaren korust.
    • second half of 5th century or 6th century, Girkʿ Pitoyicʿ [Book of Chries] :[4]
      […] եւ այնպէս հարեալ կայ յոյժ պարաւանդելով կնատ եւ խէնէշ գոյացութեամբն։
      […] ew aynpēs hareal kay yoyž parawandelov knat ew xēnēš goyacʻutʻeambn.
    • second half of 5th century or 6th century, Girkʿ Pitoyicʿ [Book of Chries] :[5]
      Եւ կնացուցեալ յեղու ի խէնէշ վատասրտութիւն։
      Ew knacʻucʻeal yełu i xēnēš vatasrtutʻiwn.
    • second half of 5th century or 6th century, Girkʿ Pitoyicʿ [Book of Chries] :[6]
      […] խենէշ վատութեանն նշանակիչս ասել գոլ […]
      […] xenēš vatutʻeann nšanakičʻs asel gol […]
    • 6th century, Philo of Alexandria, I linelutʿeann xndrocʿ ew lucmancʿ [Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesim] 4.49:[7][8]
      Արդ՝ զայս կարծիս հաստատեալ հաստատագոյն, զի մի՛ եւս խենէշ եւ թոյլ ի քեզ փոխեսցի […]
      Ard, zays karcis hastateal hastatagoyn, zi mí ews xenēš ew tʻoyl i kʻez pʻoxescʻi […]
      • Translation by Ralph Marcus
        And now that thou hast most firmly established these opinions, so that no longer may anything soft or dissolute change in thee […]
    • 6th century, Philo of Alexandria, I linelutʿeann xndrocʿ ew lucmancʿ [Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesim] 4.166:[9][10]
      […] քանզի ընունելութիւն վատթարին եւ խենեշի թէպէտ եւ լիցի երբէք, սակաւաժամանակեայ է եւ առօրեայ […]
      […] kʻanzi ənunelutʻiwn vattʻarin ew xeneši tʻēpēt ew licʻi erbēkʻ, sakawažamanakeay ē ew aṙōreay […]
      • Translation by Ralph Marcus
        For the admission of evil and weakness, if it does sometimes occur, is shortlived and ephemeral […]
    • 6th century, Philo of Alexandria, I linelutʿeann xndrocʿ ew lucmancʿ [Quaestiones et Solutiones in Genesim] 4.183:[11][12]
      […] եւ զօրէն յոռւոյ եւ խենեշի կառավարի՝ զյարձակմունսն եւ զըմբահկելն եւ զվզանումն լծելոց ձիոցն ոչ կարացեալ արգելուլ […]
      […] ew zōrēn yoṙwoy ew xeneši kaṙavari, zyarjakmunsn ew zəmbahkeln ew zvzanumn lcelocʻ jiocʻn očʻ karacʻeal argelul […]
      • Translation by Ralph Marcus
        […] and, like a bad and weak charioteer, is unable to restrain the headlong course and wildness of yoked horses […]

Usage notes[edit]

In Philo, վատթարին եւ խենեշի (vattʻarin ew xeneši) translates Ancient Greek φαύλου (phaúlou).

Declension[edit]

i-a-type or i-type
singular plural
nominative խենէշ (xenēš) խենէշք (xenēškʻ)
genitive խենեշի (xeneši) ?
dative խենեշի (xeneši) ?
accusative խենէշ (xenēš) խենէշս (xenēšs)
ablative խենեշէ (xenešē) ?
instrumental ? ?
locative խենեշի (xeneši) խենէշս (xenēšs)
the instrumental singular and the genitive/dative/instrumental plural are not attested, which does not allow determining whether the word followed an i-type or an i-a-type declension

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Armenian: խենեշ (xeneš)
  • → Old Georgian: ხენეში (xeneši)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Muradyan, Gohar (1993) Girkʻ pitoyicʻ [Book of Chreia]‎[1], Yerevan: Academy Press, critical text with introduction and commentary, pages 38, lines 15–16
  2. ^ Muradyan, Gohar (1993) Girkʻ pitoyicʻ [Book of Chreia]‎[2], Yerevan: Academy Press, critical text with introduction and commentary, pages 39, lines 27–30
  3. ^ Muradyan, Gohar (1993) Girkʻ pitoyicʻ [Book of Chreia]‎[3], Yerevan: Academy Press, critical text with introduction and commentary, pages 58, lines 20–23
  4. ^ Muradyan, Gohar (1993) Girkʻ pitoyicʻ [Book of Chreia]‎[4], Yerevan: Academy Press, critical text with introduction and commentary, pages 132, lines 19–20
  5. ^ Muradyan, Gohar (1993) Girkʻ pitoyicʻ [Book of Chreia]‎[5], Yerevan: Academy Press, critical text with introduction and commentary, page 145, line 9
  6. ^ Muradyan, Gohar (1993) Girkʻ pitoyicʻ [Book of Chreia]‎[6], Yerevan: Academy Press, critical text with introduction and commentary, page 231, line 19
  7. ^ Awgereancʻ, Mkrtičʻ (1826) Pʻiloni Ebrayecʻwoy mnacʻordkʻ i hays, or en Meknutʻiwn Cnndocʻ ew Elicʻ, Čaṙkʻ i Sampʻson, i Yovnan, ew yeris mankuns kam i hreštaks [Philonis Judaei paralipomena armena. Libri videlicet quatuor in Genesin, libri duo in Exodum, sermo unus de Sampsone, alter de Iona, tertius de tribus angelis Abraamo apparentibus], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 373
  8. ^ Marcus, Ralph (1953) Philo: Supplement I: Questions and Answers on Genesis (The Loeb Classical Library), Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, page 325
  9. ^ Awgereancʻ, Mkrtičʻ (1826) Pʻiloni Ebrayecʻwoy mnacʻordkʻ i hays, or en Meknutʻiwn Cnndocʻ ew Elicʻ, Čaṙkʻ i Sampʻson, i Yovnan, ew yeris mankuns kam i hreštaks [Philonis Judaei paralipomena armena. Libri videlicet quatuor in Genesin, libri duo in Exodum, sermo unus de Sampsone, alter de Iona, tertius de tribus angelis Abraamo apparentibus], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 373
  10. ^ Marcus, Ralph (1953) Philo: Supplement I: Questions and Answers on Genesis (The Loeb Classical Library), Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, pages 232–233
  11. ^ Awgereancʻ, Mkrtičʻ (1826) Pʻiloni Ebrayecʻwoy mnacʻordkʻ i hays, or en Meknutʻiwn Cnndocʻ ew Elicʻ, Čaṙkʻ i Sampʻson, i Yovnan, ew yeris mankuns kam i hreštaks [Philonis Judaei paralipomena armena. Libri videlicet quatuor in Genesin, libri duo in Exodum, sermo unus de Sampsone, alter de Iona, tertius de tribus angelis Abraamo apparentibus], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 585
  12. ^ Marcus, Ralph (1953) Philo: Supplement I: Questions and Answers on Genesis (The Loeb Classical Library), Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, page 467

Further reading[edit]

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “խենէշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 358b, unknown origin
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “խենէշ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, connecting with Old Georgian ხენეში (xeneši)
  • Hiwnkʻearpēyēntean, Yovhannēs (1894) “խէնէշ”, in Stugabanakan baṙaran hayocʻ lezui [Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Language]‎[7] (in Armenian), Constantinople: G. Paġtatlean Press, page 156a, connecting with Persian خشنی (xošni, “unchaste woman, harlot”)
  • Džaukjan, G. B. (1967) Очерки по истории дописьменного периода армянского языка [An Outline of the History of the Pre-Literary Period of the Armenian Language]‎[8] (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 112, deriving from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to scrape; scratch; rub”), with cognates in Proto-Germanic *hnaskuz, Ancient Greek κίναιδος (kínaidos)
  • J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “խենէշ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 327a, tentatively repeating the 1967 etymology
  • Kerestedjian, Bedros (1945) Kerest Haig, editor, Étude philologique et lexicographique de 6000 mots et noms arméniens avec des comparaisons de 100.000 mots de 900 langues et des données historiques et géographiques‎[9] (in French), London: Bernard Quaritch Ltd., page 182, comparing inter alia to Arabic خُنْثَى (ḵunṯā, “hermaphrodite”)
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “խենէշ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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