պինդ

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Armenian

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Etymology

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From Old Armenian պինդ (pind).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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պինդ (pind) (superlative ամենապինդ)

  1. durable, strong, solid

Declension

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nominalized, i-type (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
nominative պինդ (pind) պնդեր (pnder)
dative պնդի (pndi) պնդերի (pnderi)
ablative պնդից (pndicʻ) պնդերից (pndericʻ)
instrumental պնդով (pndov) պնդերով (pnderov)
locative պնդում (pndum) պնդերում (pnderum)
definite forms
nominative պինդը/պինդն (pində/pindn) պնդերը/պնդերն (pnderə/pndern)
dative պնդին (pndin) պնդերին (pnderin)
1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative պինդս (pinds) պնդերս (pnders)
dative պնդիս (pndis) պնդերիս (pnderis)
ablative պնդիցս (pndicʻs) պնդերիցս (pndericʻs)
instrumental պնդովս (pndovs) պնդերովս (pnderovs)
locative պնդումս (pndums) պնդերումս (pnderums)
2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative պինդդ (pindd) պնդերդ (pnderd)
dative պնդիդ (pndid) պնդերիդ (pnderid)
ablative պնդիցդ (pndicʻd) պնդերիցդ (pndericʻd)
instrumental պնդովդ (pndovd) պնդերովդ (pnderovd)
locative պնդումդ (pndumd) պնդերումդ (pnderumd)

Synonyms

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Old Armenian

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Etymology

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From pre-Armenian *bendʰ-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (to bind; bond).[1][2][3][4] Martirosyan explains the change of the initial consonant by the operation of Grassmann's law, although he admits that we have no further secure examples of this law in Armenian.[5]

On the other hand, պինդ (pind) has been derived from Iranian.[6] Compare Khotanese piṇḍaa- (lump), Sanskrit पिण्ड (piṇḍa, lump, ball (of food)). This is considered less probable by Martirosyan.[5]

Adjective

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պինդ (pind)

  1. firm, dense, tight, strong, fastened
    պնդովpndovstrongly, steadily

Declension

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Adverb

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պինդ (pind)

  1. strongly, steadily
    պինդ կալpind kalto hold fast, to preserve, to persist
    պինդ ունելpind unelto hold firmly to, to retain

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Armenian: պինդ (pind)

References

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  1. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “պինդ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 82–83
  2. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բանտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 410a
  3. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎[1] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 115
  4. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “պինդ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 637ab
  5. 5.0 5.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “pind”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 552
  6. ^ Witzel, Michael (2003) Linguistic Evidence for Cultural Exchange in Prehistoric Western Central Asia (Sino-Platonic Papers; 129)‎[2], Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, page 33

Further reading

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  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “պինդ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “պինդ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy