ջուր

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Armenian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Armenian ջուր (ǰur).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ջուր • (ǰur)

  1. water
    ջուր խմել ― ǰur xmel ― to drink water

Declension[edit]

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
nominative ջուր (ǰur) ջրեր (ǰrer)
dative ջրի (ǰri) ջրերի (ǰreri)
ablative ջրից (ǰricʿ) ջրերից (ǰrericʿ)
instrumental ջրով (ǰrov) ջրերով (ǰrerov)
locative ջրում (ǰrum) ջրերում (ǰrerum)
definite forms
nominative ջուրը/ջուրն (ǰurə/ǰurn) ջրերը/ջրերն (ǰrerə/ǰrern)
dative ջրին (ǰrin) ջրերին (ǰrerin)
1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative ջուրս (ǰurs) ջրերս (ǰrers)
dative ջրիս (ǰris) ջրերիս (ǰreris)
ablative ջրիցս (ǰricʿs) ջրերիցս (ǰrericʿs)
instrumental ջրովս (ǰrovs) ջրերովս (ǰrerovs)
locative ջրումս (ǰrums) ջրերումս (ǰrerums)
2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative ջուրդ (ǰurd) ջրերդ (ǰrerd)
dative ջրիդ (ǰrid) ջրերիդ (ǰrerid)
ablative ջրիցդ (ǰricʿd) ջրերիցդ (ǰrericʿd)
instrumental ջրովդ (ǰrovd) ջրերովդ (ǰrerovd)
locative ջրումդ (ǰrumd) ջրերումդ (ǰrerumd)

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Old Armenian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Uncertain.

Since Müller 1892 often connected with a family of Baltic words, namely Lithuanian jū́rės, jū́rios, Old Prussian *jūrʲai, iūrin, Lithuanian jūra (“sea”), Lithuanian jáura, jáuras (“marshy place”), and derived from Proto-Indo-European *yuHr- (“water”).[1] J̌ahukyan adduces also Thracian Iuras (“name of a river”).[2] Further common comparisons with the family of Sanskrit वार् (vār, “water”), Persian باران‎ (bârân, “rain”) are rejected by Olsen.[3] The evidence for the Proto-Indo-European *y- → Old Armenian ջ- (ǰ-) development is meager, but compare ջան (ǰan), ջով (ǰov). This etymology is accepted by Meillet, Ačaṙean, Solta, J̌ahukyan, Olsen (with reservation) and Matasović.[4][5][6][7][8][3][9][10] The reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European root is supported by Mallory / Adams but they reject the appurtenance of Armenian on phonetic grounds.[11]

An alternative proposal started by the same Müller (1877) and supported by Justi connects ջուր (ǰur) with Sanskrit क्षरति (kṣarati), Avestan 𐬖𐬲𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌‎ (γžaraiti), Persian شاریدن‎ (šâridan, “to flow, stream”), شران‎ (šorrân, “purling (as running water)”), Northern Kurdish şirik (“drain”), şurik (“waterspout”).[12][13] This is accepted by Pokorny with reservation, who reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰdyōro- for Armenian.[14] J̌ahukyan considers this etymology less likely than the above.[2]

Noun[edit]

ջուր • (ǰur)

  1. water
  2. (as an adjective) liquid, watery

Declension[edit]

o-type
singular plural
nominative ջուր (ǰur) ջուրք (ǰurkʿ)
genitive ջրոյ (ǰroy) ջրոց (ǰrocʿ)
dative ջրոյ (ǰroy) ջրոց (ǰrocʿ)
accusative ջուր (ǰur) ջուրս (ǰurs)
ablative ջրոյ (ǰroy) ջրոց (ǰrocʿ)
instrumental ջրով (ǰrov) ջրովք (ǰrovkʿ)
locative ջուր (ǰur) ջուրս (ǰurs)
instrumental singular ջուրբ (ǰurb), genitive plural ջուրց (ǰurcʿ) and instrumental plural ջուրբք (ǰurbkʿ) are also attested.

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Armenian: ջուր (ǰur)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Müller, Friedrich (1892), “Pahlawi und armenische Etymologien”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes (in German), volume 6, pages 267–268
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎[1] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 114, 159
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 50
  4. ^ Meillet, Antoine (1903) Esquisse d’une grammaire comparée de l’arménien classique (in French), Vienna: Imprimerie des PP. Mékhitharistes, page 29
  5. ^ Meillet, Antoine (1920), “Les noms du ‘feu’ et de l’‘eau’ et la question du genre”, in Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 21, page 251
  6. ^ Meillet, Antoine (1922), “De quelques y initiaux devant u- en indo-européen”, in Bulletin de la Société de linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 23, page 76
  7. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “ջուր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 134–136
  8. ^ Solta, G. R. (1960) Die Stellung des Armenischen im Kreise der indogermanischen Sprachen (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 9)‎[2] (in German), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, pages 320–322
  9. ^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (2017), “Part 9: Armenian”, in Kapović, Mate, editor, The Indo-European Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), 2nd edition, London, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 429
  10. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) A Grammatical Sketch of Classical Armenian‎[3], Zagreb, page 14
  11. ^ Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 636b
  12. ^ Müller, Friedrich (1877), “Armeniaca V”, in Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Classe (in German), volume 88, issue 1, page 12
  13. ^ Jaba, Auguste; Justi, Ferdinand (1879) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 256a
  14. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 487

Further reading[edit]

  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “ջուր”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ջուր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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