սմբուկ

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Armenian[edit]

Սմբուկ

Etymology[edit]

Unattested in Old or Middle Armenian. Several dictionaries list սմբուկ (smbuk) as a dialectal word,[1][2][3][4] but Ačaṙyan is unable to identify it in any dialect.[5] However, the word is in fact recorded in Istanbul, Diyarbakır, Sivas, Palu and Çarsancak.[6][7] Note also Süveydiye dialect սմպըկ (smpək), սմբըկ (smbək) referring to a kind of edible greens equivalent to Turkish almacık dikeni.[8][9]

The origin is unknown.[10]

Ačaṙyan derives from Arabic أَنَب (anab, “eggplant”) +‎ -ուկ (-uk), via a form *ամբուկ (*ambuk), wherein ա (a) was then confused with similar-looking ս (s).[5] But because the word is dialectal, such a literary confusion is unlikely.

Perhaps from an assumed root *սում(բ)- (*sum(b)-, “smooth; shaven”) or the like +‎ -ուկ (-uk), thus "the smooth one", referring to the smooth, glossy surface of the eggplant fruit, which root may also be contained in dialectal սմբուլ (smbul, “polished, smooth”),[11] սմպատ (smpat, “having a smooth head”),[12] սմպըլիկ (smpəlik, “having a shaven head”),[13] սմբըլիկ (smbəlik, “leafless”),[14] սնուկ (snuk, “very smooth”),[15] սըն-եցնել (sən-ecʿnel, “to smooth, polish”)[16] and the uncertain given name Սմպուկս (Smpuks).[17] The -բ- (-b-) after -մ- (-m-) may be epenthetic in dialects: compare the examples given in Martirosyan 2010.[18] This assumed root may be borrowed from Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *saH- (“to whet, cut”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₃- (“to sharpen”), whence Baluchi سای- (sāy-, “to shave”), Central Kurdish سوون (sûn, “to whet, sharpen”), Gazi [script needed] (sǖn-, “to rub, shave off”), Persian ساد (sâd, “smooth, plane”), Sarikoli suδγ (“flat, smooth (surface)”), Persian سان (sân, “whetstone”), Central Kurdish ھەسان (hesan, “whetstone”), and according to Horn also Classical Persian سنباده (sumbāde, “whetstone”),[19] to which the Iranian borrowing սմպատակ (smpatak, “touchstone”) is related (J̌ahukyan considers -ատակ (-atak) in the latter an Iranian suffix, as in յիշատակ (yišatak)).[20] For the Iranian root see Cheung,[21] without the Armenian. Compare also Zazaki sımıltkun (“hairless, smooth”).[22]

Typologically compare Arabic كُوسَا (kūsā, “zucchini, courgette”, literally “smooth, beardless”). For another figurative usage in the dialects compare լոլիկ (lolik, “tomato”, literally “the round one”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

սմբուկ • (smbuk)

  1. (somewhat formal) eggplant, aubergine, Solanum melongena[23]
    Synonym: բադրիջան (badriǰan)

Declension[edit]

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
nominative սմբուկ (smbuk) սմբուկներ (smbukner)
dative սմբուկի (smbuki) սմբուկների (smbukneri)
ablative սմբուկից (smbukicʿ) սմբուկներից (smbuknericʿ)
instrumental սմբուկով (smbukov) սմբուկներով (smbuknerov)
locative սմբուկում (smbukum) սմբուկներում (smbuknerum)
definite forms
nominative սմբուկը/սմբուկն (smbukə/smbukn) սմբուկները/սմբուկներն (smbuknerə/smbuknern)
dative սմբուկին (smbukin) սմբուկներին (smbuknerin)
1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative սմբուկս (smbuks) սմբուկներս (smbukners)
dative սմբուկիս (smbukis) սմբուկներիս (smbukneris)
ablative սմբուկիցս (smbukicʿs) սմբուկներիցս (smbuknericʿs)
instrumental սմբուկովս (smbukovs) սմբուկներովս (smbuknerovs)
locative սմբուկումս (smbukums) սմբուկներումս (smbuknerums)
2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative սմբուկդ (smbukd) սմբուկներդ (smbuknerd)
dative սմբուկիդ (smbukid) սմբուկներիդ (smbuknerid)
ablative սմբուկիցդ (smbukicʿd) սմբուկներիցդ (smbuknericʿd)
instrumental սմբուկովդ (smbukovd) սմբուկներովդ (smbuknerovd)
locative սմբուկումդ (smbukumd) սմբուկներումդ (smbuknerumd)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Palatecʿi, Gēorg Dpir (1829) “պաթինկեան”, in Baṙaran Parskerēn əst kargi haykakan aybubenicʿ [Persian Dictionary in the Order of the Armenian Alphabet] (in Armenian), Constantinople: Boghos Arabian Press, page 404a
  2. ^ Norayr N. Biwzandacʿi (1884) “aubergine”, in Baṙagirkʿ i gałłierēn lezuē i hayerēn [Dictionary from the French Language into Armenian]‎[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian Press, page 107b
  3. ^ Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “սմբուկ”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʿiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 2776, page 571
  4. ^ Ayvazean, Tigran (1899) “սմբուկ”, in Baṙanmoyš [Sample of Words] (in Armenian), Constantinople: Tpagrutʿiwn Y. Mattʿēosean, page 32a
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979) “սմբուկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 234ab
  6. ^ Bdoyan, V. H. (1972) Erkragorcakan mšakuytʿə Hayastanum [The Agriculture in Armenia] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 118b
  7. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմբուկ”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367a
  8. ^ Andreasyan, Tigran (1975) Svediayi barbaṙə (kʿistʿinəgi lezun) [The Dialect of Svedia (the Christian language)] (Hayereni barbaṙner; 11)‎[2] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 158
  9. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմպըկ”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367b
  10. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “սմբուկ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 685b
  11. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմբուլ³”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367a
  12. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմպատ”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367a
  13. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմպըլիկ”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 367b
  14. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սմբըլիկ”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 366b
  15. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սնուկ”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 372a
  16. ^ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2008), “սընեցնել”, in Hayocʿ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 320a
  17. ^ Ačaṙyan, Hračʿya (1948) “Սմպուկս”, in Hayocʿ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians] (Erewani petakan hamalsaran. Gitakan ašxatutʿyunner; 26) (in Armenian), volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 564
  18. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 37, 437, 442
  19. ^ Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 153, footnote 1
  20. ^ Djahukian, G. B. (1993) “The Armenian Suffixes of Iranian Origin”, in Bela Brogyanyi and Reiner Lipp, editors, Comparative-historical linguistics: Indo-European and Finno-Ugric. Papers in honor of Oswald Szemerényi III (Current issues in linguistic theory; 79), Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins, page 262
  21. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 325—326
  22. ^ Yılmaz, Abdurrahman (2015) “sımıltkun”, in Zazaca-Türkçe Sözlük (Genç-Bingöl Yöresi) [Zazaki–Turkish Dictionary (Genç-Bingöl Region)]‎[3], Master's thesis, Bingöl: Bingöl Üniversitesi, page 134b
  23. ^ Ġazaryan, Ṙ. S. (1981) “բադրիջան”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran [Armenian–Latin–Russian–English–French–German Dictionary of Plant Names], Yerevan: University Press, § 125, page 15a
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