דוד

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Root
ד־ו־ד (d-w-d)
3 terms

From Proto-West Semitic *dād- (“paternal uncle”).

Alternative forms

• דֹּד (defective spelling)

Pronunciation

• (reconstructed Biblical) IPA^(key): /doːd/
• (Tiberian) IPA^(key): /ˈdoːð/ [ˈdoːð]
• (Yemenite) IPA^(key): /ˈdøːð/ [ˈdøːð], [ˈdeːð]
• (Sephardi) IPA^(key): /ˈdod/
• (Ashkenazi) IPA^(key): /ˈdojd/
• (Modern Israeli) IPA^(key): /ˈdod/

Noun

דּוֹד • (dod) m (plural indefinite דּוֹדִים, plural construct דּוֹדֵי־, feminine counterpart דּוֹדָה) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

1. uncle (the brother or brother-in-law of one’s parent)
   • Tanach, Leviticus 20:20, with translation of the King James Version:

     כוְאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יִשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־דֹּ֣דָת֔וֹ עֶרְוַ֥ת דֹּד֖וֹ גִּלָּ֑ה חֶטְאָ֥ם יִשָּׂ֖אוּ עֲרִירִ֥ים יָמֻֽתוּ

     And if a man shall lie with his uncle's wife, he hath uncovered his uncle's nakedness: they shall bear their sin; they shall die childless.

   • Tanach, Esther 2:7, with translation of the King James Version:

     וַיְהִי אֹמֵן אֶת־הֲדַסָּה הִיא אֶסְתֵּר בַּת־דֹּדוֹ כִּי אֵין לָהּ אָב וָאֵם […]

     vay'hí omén et-hadasá hi estér bat-dodó ki en la av va'ém […]

     And he brought up Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle's daughter: for she had neither father nor mother, […]

   • 1994, The Lion King, spoken by Simba (Doron Ben-Ami):

     היי דוד סקאר, כשאהיה מלך, מה אתה תהיה?

     hey dod skar, k'she'eyé mélekh, ma atá tiyé?

     Hey Uncle Scar, when I'm King, what'll that make you?

2. (Biblical) (A person's) beloved.
   • Tanach, Song of Songs 2:10, with translation of the King James Version:

     עָנָה דוֹדִי וְאָמַר לִי קוּמִי לָךְ רַעְיָתִי יָפָתִי וּלְכִי־לָֽךְ׃

     My beloved spoke and said to me, “Arise, my darling, my beautiful one, come with me. [continues in next verse]

   • 13th century, anonymous poet, quoted in Yehuda Alharizi, Sefer Tahkemoni:

     לו שר בנו־עמרם פני דודי מתאדמים העת שתות שכר,
     ויפי קצותיו והוד יופיו, לא חק בתורתו: ואת זכר.

     Had the son of Amram seen the face of my beloved reddened from the foolishness of liquor,
     and the beauty of his extremities and the majesty of his beauty, he would not have written in his Torah: "and with a man [do not lie]".

   • 16th century, Shlomo Halevi Alkabetz, Lekhah Dodi (traditional Jewish prayer for Shabbat):

     לכה דודי לקראת כלה

     Come, my beloved, to meet the bride

Declension

Declension of דּוֹד

	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
Number:	State:	form	Person:	singular		plural
				m	f	m	f
singular	indefinite	דּוֹד	first	דּוֹדִי		דּוֹדֵנוּ
	definite	הַדּוֹד	second	דּוֹדְךָ	דּוֹדֵךְ	דּוֹדְכֶם	דּוֹדְכֶן
	construct	דּוֹד־	third	דּוֹדוֹ	דּוֹדָהּ	דּוֹדָם	דּוֹדָן
plural	indefinite	דּוֹדִים	first	דודיי / דּוֹדַי		דּוֹדֵינוּ
	definite	הַדּוֹדִים	second	דּוֹדֶיךָ	דודייך / דּוֹדַיִךְ	דּוֹדֵיכֶם	דּוֹדֵיכֶן
	construct	דּוֹדֵי־	third	דּוֹדָיו	דּוֹדֶיהָ	דּוֹדֵיהֶם	דּוֹדֵיהֶן

Derived terms

• בֶּן־דּוֹד (ben-dód)
• בַּת־דּוֹד (bat-dód)

References

• Kogan, Leonid (2011), “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 235
• “דוד”, in Noun Declension Tables of the Academy of the Hebrew Language (in Hebrew)

Etymology 2

Root
ד־ו־ד (d-w-d)
3 terms

From Proto-Semitic verbal root d-w-d ~ w-d-d "to love".

Alternative forms

• דויד
• דוויד

Pronunciation

• (reconstructed Biblical) IPA^(key): /daːˈwiːd/
• (Tiberian) IPA^(key): /dɔːˈviːð/ [dɔːˈviːð]
• (Yemenite) IPA^(key): /dɔˈwið/ [dɔːˈwiːð]
• (Sephardi) IPA^(key): /daˈbid/
• (Ashkenazi) IPA^(key): /dɔˈvid/, [ˈdɔː.vəd]
• (Modern Israeli) IPA^(key): /daˈvid/

• Audio:

  (file)

Proper noun

דָּוִד • (davíd) m [pattern: קָטִיל]

1. (biblical) David (the second king of Judah and Israel, the successor of King Saul in the Hebrew Bible; the son of Jesse and the father of Nathan and King Solomon)
2. a male given name, David

Derived terms

• מָגֵן דָּוִד (magén davíd)

Descendants

• → Ancient Greek: Δαυῑ̈́δ (Dauī̈́d), Δαυείδ (Daueíd), Δαυῑ̈́δης (Dauī̈́dēs), Δᾱβῑ́δ (Dābī́d), Δᾱβείδ (Dābeíd), Δᾱβῑ́δης (Dābī́dēs)
  • → Coptic: ⲇⲁⲩⲓⲇ (dauid)
  • → Latin: Dāvīd
    • Catalan: David
    • Old English: Dauid
      • Middle English: Dauid
        • English: David
          • Cebuano: David
          • Tagalog: David
    • French: David
    • German: David
    • Italian: Davide, David
      • Maltese: David
    • Old Irish: Dauid
      • Irish: Dáiví
    • Sicilian: Davì
    • Spanish: David
      • Kapampangan: David
      • Tagalog: David
    • Middle Welsh: Dauyð
      • Welsh: Dafydd
• Arabic: دَاوُد (dāwud)
  • → Azerbaijani: Davud
  • → Bashkir: Дауыт (Dawıt)
  • → Kazakh: Дәуіт (Däwit)
  • → Malay: Daud, Daut
  • → Swahili: Daudi
  • → Ottoman Turkish: داود (Davud)

    > Turkish: Davut (inherited)

  • → Uyghur: داۋۇت (dawut)
• → Aramaic: דויד
  • Classical Syriac: ܕܘܝܕ (Dāwīḏ), ܕܘܝܬ (Dāwīt) (informal)
    • → Old Armenian: Դաւիթ (Dawitʻ)
      • Armenian: Դավիթ (Davitʻ)
      • → Aghwan: 𐔳𐔰𐕛𐔼𐔸 (davit)
      • → Old Georgian: დაჳთ (dawit)
        • Georgian: დავითი (daviti)

Further reading

• דוד on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^he

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (reconstructed Biblical) IPA^(key): /duːd/
• (Tiberian) IPA^(key): /ˈduːð/ [ˈduːð]
• (Yemenite) IPA^(key): /ˈduð/ [ˈduːð]
• (Modern Israeli) IPA^(key): /dud/

Noun

דּוּד • (dud) m (plural indefinite דּוּדִים, plural construct דּוּדֵי־)

1. (Biblical) a cauldron
   • Tanach, 1 Samuel 2:14, with translation of the King James Version:

     וְהִכָּה בַכִּיֹּור אוֹ בַדּוּד אוֹ בַקַּלַּחַת אוֹ בַפָּרוּר כֹּל אֲשֶׁר יַעֲלֶה הַמַּזְלֵג יִקַּח הַכֹּהֵן בֹּו כָּכָה יַעֲשׂוּ לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל הַבָּאִים שָׁם בְּשִׁלֹֽה׃

     And he struck it into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot; all that the fleshhook brought up the priest took for himself. So they did in Shiloh unto all the Israelites that came thither.

2. (by extension, modern) a water heater

Declension

Declension of דּוּד

	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
Number:	State:	form	Person:	singular		plural
				m	f	m	f
singular	indefinite	דּוּד	first	דּוּדִי		דּוּדֵנוּ
	definite	הַדּוּד	second	דּוּדְךָ	דּוּדֵךְ	דּוּדְכֶם	דּוּדְכֶן
	construct	דּוּד־	third	דּוּדוֹ	דּוּדָהּ	דּוּדָם	דּוּדָן
plural	indefinite	דּוּדִים	first	דודיי / דּוּדַי		דּוּדֵינוּ
	definite	הַדּוּדִים	second	דּוּדֶיךָ	דודייך / דּוּדַיִךְ	דּוּדֵיכֶם	דּוּדֵיכֶן
	construct	דּוּדֵי־	third	דּוּדָיו	דּוּדֶיהָ	דּוּדֵיהֶם	דּוּדֵיהֶן
plural	indefinite	דוודים / דְּוָדִים	first	דוודיי / דְּוָדַי		דוודינו / דְּוָדֵינוּ
	definite	הדוודים / הַדְּוָדִים	second	דוודיך / דְּוָדֶיךָ	דוודייך / דְּוָדַיִךְ	דּוּדֵיכֶם	דּוּדֵיכֶן
	construct	דּוּדֵי־	third	דוודיו / דְּוָדָיו	דוודיה / דְּוָדֶיהָ	דּוּדֵיהֶם	דּוּדֵיהֶן

Derived terms

• דּוּד שֶׁמֶשׁ (dud shémesh)
• דּוּד חַשְׁמַל (dud khashmál)

References

• Strong, James (1979), “H1731”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• “דוד”, in Noun Declension Tables of the Academy of the Hebrew Language (in Hebrew)

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew דָּוִד (davíd).

Pronunciation

• (YIVO, Northeastern) IPA^(key): /ˈdɔvəd/
• (Mideastern) IPA^(key): /ˈduːvəd/
• (Southeastern) IPA^(key): /ˈduvəd/
• (Northwestern) IPA^(key): /ˈdoːvəd/

Proper noun

דוד • (doved) m

1. (biblical) David, the Biblical son of Jesse and second king of ancient Israel.
2. a male given name, equivalent to English David