إلى

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Arabic

Etymology 1

  • Lengthened from Proto-Semitic *ʾila (towards, nigh), displaying some attachment of Proto-Semitic *la (for) used in Literary Arabic لَ (la, for) only before pronominal suffixes, having stood in some variation with Proto-Semitic *li (for) from which Arabic لِ (li, for). Compare عَلَى (ʕalā).
  • Related to the root ء و ل (ʔ-w-l) in the sense of “returning” and to the root ء ل و (ʔ-l-w) in the sense of “striving towards but failing”.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʔi.laː/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -aː

Preposition

إِلَى (ʔilā)

  1. to, towards
  2. till, until
  3. near
Inflection
    Inflected forms
Base form إِلَى (ʔilā)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms
Singular Dual Plural
Masculine Feminine Common Masculine Feminine
First person إِلَيَّ (ʔilayya) إِلَيْنَا (ʔilaynā)
Second person إِلَيْكَ (ʔilayka) إِلَيْكِ (ʔilayki) إِلَيْكُمَا (ʔilaykumā) إِلَيْكُمْ (ʔilaykum) إِلَيْكُنَّ (ʔilaykunna)
Third person إِلَيْهِ (ʔilayhi) إِلَيْهَا (ʔilayhā) إِلَيْهِمَا (ʔilayhimā) إِلَيْهِمْ (ʔilayhim) إِلَيْهِنَّ (ʔilayhinna)

Descendants

  • Judeo-Arabic: אלי (ʾilā)
  • Maltese: lejn
  • North Levantine Arabic: ل (la) (merged with لِ (li))

Etymology 2

From the root ء ل و (ʔ-l-w).

Pronunciation

Noun

إلًى (ʔilanm (construct state إلَى (ʔilā), plural آلَاء (ʔālāʔ))

  1. benefit, favour, blessing
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 53:55:
      فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكَ تَتَمَارَىٰ؟
      fa-bi-ʔayyi ʔālāʔi rabbi-ka tatamārā?
      Then which of the favors of your Lord do you doubt?

Declension