استکمال
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Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِكْمَال (istikmāl).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔis.tik.ˈmɑːl]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔes.t̪ʰekʲ.mɒ́ːl̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔis.t̪ʰik.mɔ́l]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | istikmāl |
Dari reading? | istikmāl |
Iranian reading? | estekmâl |
Tajik reading? | istikmol |
Noun
[edit]استکمال • (estelmâl) (verbal noun)
- perfecting
- Synonyms: کامل کردن (kâmel kardan), تکمیل کردن (takmil kardam)
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3212:
- هر که نقص خویش را دید و شناخت
اندر استکمال خود ده اسبه تاخت- har ki naqs-i xwēš-rā dīd u šināxt
andar istikmāl-i xwad dah asba tāxt - Whoever has seen and recognised his own deficiency has galloped with ten horses in perfecting himself.
- har ki naqs-i xwēš-rā dīd u šināxt
- completing
- Synonym: تمام کردن (tamâm kardan)
- wishing [something] to be finished
- Synonym: تمام کردن خواستن (tamâm kardan xâstan)
- seeking perfection
Further reading
[edit]- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “استكمال”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “استکمال”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “استکمال”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim